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Jun 30, 622
Hijrah
Hijrah was definitely one of the most important events in Muslim history. A decade or so after the Prophet (PBUH) began publicising Islam, the Quraysh and other tribes began showing a lot of violence towards Islam, thus making Mecca not such a safe place due to the harrassment and abuse. The prophet needed to sneak out of Mecca, so he used his cousin, Ali, as a decoy so he could safely escape to Medina where he and the believers would be able to practice and preach their faith in peace. -
Period: Jun 30, 622 to Jan 11, 630
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Jul 10, 622
Building of the Mosque
Upon the Prophet Muhammed's (PBUH) arrival to Medina, he realized that the city had no designated houses of worship. He decided to build his own mosque. In the picture, it shows a massively expanded version of the first ever mosque in medina, which was laid in stone and shaded with the leaves of palm trees. He got the land from two orphans who insisted that he take it free, but the Prophet (PBUH) was persistent and made the land his home. -
Jul 28, 622
The Consitution
The Constitution of Medina was written and put in to implementation by the Prophet Muhammed (PBUH). It was a treaty between the Muslims and all the other tribes of Medina, including the Jews, Christians, and Pagans. The entire purpose was to eliminate the petty rivalry between each of the tribes/religions that typically led to violence. The constitution stated a free will towards your own religion, taxation, judicial systems, and forbade violence and weapons. -
Mar 4, 624
Muslims attack Meccan caravans during Badr
When the Muslims left Mecca, the Quraysh took most of the belongings that they left behind. Obviously, they were not happy with this and wanted to get revenge. The Muslims made a plan to raid the caravans to retrieve everything that was stolen from them. Another purpose was to economically weaken the Quraysh, as the money they had was not pure. There were several caravan raids that took place, and this eventually became one of the reasons that the Battle of Badr took place. -
Mar 6, 624
Batte of Banu Qaynuqaa
The Banu Qaynuqa tribe had violated the rules of the peace treaty otherwise known as the Constitution of Medina. Several people had stripped a Muslim woman naked, which was an both an extreme violation towards their policies, as well as a terrible sin in both Islam and their own religion, Judaism. In a form of revenge, a Muslim had killed a Jew that led to a chain of reactions that involved many killings and created tension between the two religions. The Banu Qaynuqa surrendered eventually. -
Mar 13, 624
The Battle of Badr
The Battle of Badr was one of the most important battles that the Muslims fought during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammed (PBUH). It was mentioned in the Quran, as well as many Hadith and biographies of the Prophet. The battle was fought against the Quraysh tribe, who shunned Islam from the start. Muslims began raiding their caravans because of their threats to the Muslims concerning trade.The purpose of the battle was to end the feud between the Quraysh and the Muslims. -
Mar 19, 625
Battle of Uhud
The Battle of Uhud was of similar importance as the Battle of Badr. The battle itself took place in the valley by Mount Uhud. The Meccans seeked revenge to make up for their loss in the Battle of Badr to gain power over the Muslims. The Muslims were extremely outnumbered, with 700 infantry, 50 archers, and 4 cavalry, whilst the Quraysh had 3,000 infantry and 200 cavalry. The muslims did not win this Battle, as they did not follow through the Prophet's orders. -
Jan 5, 627
Battle of the Ditch
In this battle, the Muslims only had 3,000 men, whilst the Quraysh sided with many other tribes, creating an army of 10,000 men. In order to win this battle, the Muslims had to be very strategic. They built a trench around Medina, but the opposition was determined to win. Their plan was to gradually attack from the south, which was not the best choice. The Muslims gradually weakened them so they were too tired to fight once the time came, leading to their surrender to the Muslims. -
Jan 11, 630
Conquest of Mecca
In 628, the Quraysh and the Muslims signed the treaty of Hudaybiyya. All was well until Nawfal (the leader of Banu Bakr) chased some Muslims into an area where it was forbidden to murder and murdered them. The Muslims waged war as they had breached the treaty. They planned to surprise attack them, it was kept a secret. The Muslims completely defeated the Quraysh tribe with their skillful army of 10,000 men. At the end of the battle, there were only 2 Muslim deaths. Abu Sufyan accepted Islam.
