-
Period: 224 to Dec 31, 651
Sasanid Empire
Aryan Empire.
Peak of Persians and had cultural influence all over.
Covered a lot of the middle east. -
Period: 250 to
Maya Civilization
Agriculture intensive, city-state, large steppe pyrimids and architecture.
Unsure of reason for the fall of the Mayan civilization. -
Period: 330 to Jan 11, 1453
Byzantine Empire
Most powerful influence of its time.
Seljuk turks took over.
Crusades took a lot of blows to Byzantine. -
Period: 330 to Jan 11, 1453
Constantinople
Center of the Byzantine Empire after the fall of the Roman Empire.
Now known as Istanbul after Muslims conquered. -
Period: 570 to Dec 31, 632
Foundation of Islam
Muhammad had a vision and wrote it all down into what is now the Koran.
Annual Hajj to Mecca to the black asteroid called Kaab.
Five pillars. -
Period: Jan 1, 632 to Dec 31, 1258
Umayyad Caliphate
Established after the death of Muhammad.
Representatives of "God on the earth"
Capital at Demascus. -
Period: Apr 14, 632 to May 14, 632
Split between Sunni and Shi'ite
When Muhammad the prophet died there was a schism between who would succeed. Leading to seperation of the two sides who faver their own to rule. -
Period: Jan 1, 711 to Dec 31, 1490
Muslims conquer Spain
took over after Roman Empire fell and the tribe after the Empire was weak.
King Phillip II took over Spain and made Arabic and anything related to Islam illegal finally expelling Muslims by 1614. -
Period: Jan 1, 1071 to Dec 31, 1243
Seljuk Turks
Antolia through Persia.
Adopted Persian language and culture. -
Period: Jan 1, 1095 to Dec 31, 1270
Crusades
Religious sanctioned military campaignes to restore Christian control of the Holy Lands.
Launched in responce to the Christian Byzantine call to prevent Muslim expansion in Antolia. -
Period: Apr 11, 1174 to Apr 11, 1192
Saladin
Led Muslims against Crusaders eventually to recapture Palestine.
Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt and Syria. -
Period: Jan 1, 1200 to Dec 31, 1531
Inca Civilization
Absorbed Andean communities.
Split by civil war Hanan and Hurin (highest and lowest).
1533 Spanish Conquistadores arrive conquered much of the Inca area. -
Period: Jan 1, 1206 to Dec 31, 1527
Delhi Sultanate
5 short lived islamic kingdoms: the Mamluk dynasty (1206–90), the Khilji dynasty (1290–1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1413), the Sayyid dynasty (1414–51), and the Lodi dynasty (1451–1526).
Absorbed by Mughal Empire -
Period: Apr 11, 1206 to Apr 11, 1227
Genghis Khan
United North Asian tribes to be called "Genghis Khan" and later start the Mongol Invasions.
When he died he gave the empire over to Ogedei Khan and split the empire up to his sons and grandsons. -
Period: Apr 11, 1207 to Apr 11, 1324
Mongol Invasions
Genghis Khan unified central Asia, then conquered the Middle East, East Asia, and parts of Europe.
Couldn't conquer Japan due to storm. -
Period: Jan 14, 1215 to Dec 14, 1215
Magna Carta
First charter to limit the powers of the government and give rights to the people. -
Period: Jan 1, 1230 to Dec 31, 1433
Mali Kingdoms
Mansa Musa I. Created a lot of Vassal kingdoms and spread culture towards niger river.
Salt Copper Gold. -
Period: Jan 1, 1250 to Dec 31, 1521
Aztec Civilization
Inhabited current Mexico.
Created the triple alliance of a tributary empire.
The city of Tenochtitlan was built on islets on in Lake Texcoco.
Spanish came and conquered and colonized. -
Period: Jan 1, 1291 to Dec 31, 1516
Mamluks
Slaves or soldiers in Abbasid.
Power grew over time to rise above Sultans.
1250 last sultan killed by mother, and she married Mamluks ruler.
Defeated by the Ottomoans in 1517 -
Period: Jan 1, 1312 to Dec 31, 1337
Mansa Musa
Pilgrimage to Mecca.
60,000 men, 12,000 slaves, heralds dressed in silks who bore gold staffs, organized horses and handled bags.
Devaluated gold. -
Period: Jan 1, 1337 to Dec 31, 1453
Hundred Years War
The House of Valois claimed the title of King of France and the House of Plantagnets/Anjou claimed the throne of England and France. Anjous had their roots in Normandy, France. Valois won
Historical Significance: Joan of Arch, destruction to French Countryside, nationalism, and standing warefare. -
Period: Jan 1, 1368 to
Ming Dynasty
Last ethnic Hans to rule China.
Restore Grand Canal, Great Wall, and founded the forbidden city in Beijing.
Lots of trade -
Period: Jan 1, 1370 to Dec 31, 1405
Timur
Fought to restore the Mongol Empire and founder of Timured Empire & Dynasty.
Central Asia flourship other cities like Baghdad destroyed. -
Period: Apr 14, 1400 to Apr 15, 1400
Gutenberg Press
A printing system with a perfect printing process for better production and the abillity to mass produce books. -
Period: Jan 1, 1405 to Dec 31, 1433
Zheng He
Mariner, explorer, diplomat, and admiral of China.
Commanded voyages and discovered many new ideas from other lands.
His findings were later burned and destroyed by government. -
Period: Apr 12, 1435 to
Songhai Kingdom
West africa.
One of the largest islamic empires.
Came after Mali. -
Period: Apr 14, 1450 to
Renaissance
Realistic ideas and thinking.
Studying old works and steering away from religious theology and more on the reality of the world around them.
"The beginning of modern history."
Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Galileo, Newton, etc. -
Period: Jan 1, 1462 to Dec 31, 1505
Ivan III
"Ivan the Great"
Laid the foundation for the Russian state and expanded territory.
One of the longest running Russian rulers. -
Period: to
Sui Empire
Reunified North and South China.
Constructed the Grand Canal.
Buddhism spread -
Period: to
Tang Dynasty
Lots of progress and stability.
Large growth in Chinese poetry.
Thriving literature, culture and buddhism spread.
Influence throughout world. -
Period: to Dec 31, 1278
Song Dynasty
North and South Song.
Very devided. -
Period: to Dec 31, 1229
Ghana Kingdom
Salt and gold.
Great mililtary and had district leaders -
Period: to
Charlemagne
King of the Franks then Emporer of the Romans.
Carolingians Renaissaince throught the Catholic Church.
Father of Europe. -
Period: to
Establishment of Holy Roman Empire
Lead to Princes rule when Emporer weakend.
Included at points the Kingdoms of Italy, Germany, Burgandy, etc.
Renaissance and Boroque period are defient parts of the empire. -
Period: to Dec 31, 1030
Abbasid Caliphate
Abbasid power had ups and downs. Completely ended in 1258.
Third of the caliphates and built capital in Baghdad
Turkish army grew, mongol invasion, and weaking caused fall.
Supported, largely, Arabs.
Towards the end Caliphs were only figureheads -
Period: to Dec 31, 1240
Kievan Russia
Old state of Russia. Slavics and Scandinavians.
Fell due to internal princley family struggle, fall of Byzantine, and Mongol invasion.