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Jan 1, 1096
Crusades
Thousands of christians tried to free the land of muslims. Lots of wars fought. Not just one war fought many wars through the period of this time. Ended in 1291. -
Oct 8, 1300
Renaissance Begins
The beginning of the renaissance was a new way/ direction in art. There was rise in city-states, leading Italy to large city-states in the north and various kingdoms in the south. New ideas begin to appear forming greater developments in art, literature, science, and learning. -
Jan 1, 1337
100 Years of War
The fight between France and England was not just retricted to the time frame of these 100 hundrended years. There was many years of "peace" and times before and after that war still carried on. -
Oct 8, 1347
Black Death in Europe
Began in Asia and spread to different ports from trading ships. Rats carried the disease, fleas on rats bit people spreading the disease farther. 1/3 of Europes population died, faith in god was shaken, and church lost power and importance. -
Oct 13, 1405
Voyages of Zheng He
He led seven voyages around the Indian ocean as far as Africa. He wanted to show chinas power with sailing with as many as 300 ships at a time. He presented gifts from china wherever he sailed in return several foreign leaders sent tribute to China's emperor. -
Jan 1, 1431
Joan of Arc
At the age of 13 said god gave her visions/missions to help the people. She wanted to fight with the men but was burned at the steak at the age of 19. She was later in the days thought to be some sort of "saint". -
Oct 8, 1453
Ottomans conquer Constantinople
Ottomans used cannons and tried to knock down Constantinople’s walls, It took two months before the city walls fell. Mehmed became known as "the conqueror" and claimed the city center of eastern Christianity for Islam. Mehmed remade the city into his capital naming it Istanbul, turning it into a Muslim city. -
Oct 8, 1455
Johannes Gutenburg Printing-Press
Put letters onto a metal plate, and locked those plates into a wooden press. This type had its roots in Korea and China, with this text could be written on both sides of paper. The first publication was the Bible. -
Oct 8, 1492
First voyage of Columbus
He was funded by Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand, and given 3 ships the pinta, nina, and santa maria. He thought he could sail west and reach china. He was right about the direction of sailing but did not know he would run into a mass of land -
Oct 9, 1492
Jews, gypies & moors expelled from Spain
Sorry -
Oct 8, 1498
Da Gama lands in India
A 10 month trip inspired by Bartolomeu Dias, set out from Portugal. Made it to Calicut and later died there. -
Oct 8, 1500
Slave Trade across Atlantic
There was a shortage of labor and Eurpean planters start using the Middle Passage to take Africans back to America. Africans were packed into ships and not all of them survived but when they did they worked when they got to the americas. They were workers and treated poorly and owned as property, they had no rights and freedoms. Throughout these years 15 to 20 million Africans were shipped against their will. Ended in 1800's -
Oct 9, 1501
Safavid Empire
The founder of the empire was a 14 year old boy Esma'il, he led his fathers army on a sweep of conquest in Persia. In 1588 Abbas became shah reforming the government, strengthening the military and acuiring gunpowder weapons. Abbas achievment brought a golden age throughout the savfavid empire, lasting until 1722. -
Oct 8, 1502
Naming of the "New World"
Columbus had thought the land was islands west of india so he called it west indies. Amerigo Vespucci found out it was a greater land mass and not an island. They named the land after Amerigos name in latin but the female version -
Oct 8, 1503
Da Vinci paints, Mona Lisa
She is said to be the most celebrated and famous art pieces of all time. After the revolution in France the painting was transferred to the Louvre. Napoleon took possesion of it but upon his banishment lost it to the Louvre. It was finished in 1506. -
Oct 8, 1508
Michelangelo paints Sistine Chapel
Painted in Rome on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. His artwork shows scenes from the Old Testament of the Bible. The sistine chapel was painted under the commission of Pope Julius II, it was finished in 1512. -
Oct 8, 1517
Martin Luther, 95 thesis
95 complaints about wealth about the church, criticized indulgences & written in latin. Said “gods grace can not be won by good works, faith is all you need. The only head of the church is jesus not the pope. -
Oct 8, 1519
Magellen "Around the World" trip
Set out with 5 ships and 250 men sailing for Spain. Months at sea many men died and Magellan even killed in the Philippines. Juan Sebastián de Elcano led the men until September 1522, 18 total survivors of the original fleet. First people to ever Circumnavigate. -
Oct 13, 1526
Mughal Empire begins
Babur defeated the rulers of Delhi and founded the Mughal Empire. They reigned as India's first Muslim empire, known for wealth and power. 1556 Akbar the Great ruled the Mughal Empire being the greatest of all the Mughal rulers at 13. -
Oct 8, 1530
Pizarro invades Inca Empire
Francisco Pizarro found the Incas killed mainly by small pox, civil war was about. 1532 emperor Atahualpa met with Pizzarro, Pizarro demanded him to hand over the empire and except christianity. Atahualpa denied and was taken prisoner, taking over the inca, and stealing gold. -
Oct 8, 1543
Copernicus publishes heliocentric theory
Copernicus was a Polish astronomer known for saying the sun was the center of the universe. He was the first to create a complete model of the solar system. Although he did not publish his conclusions until his last year of his life in his book “On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres”. -
Oct 8, 1545
Council of Trent
Pope Paul III brought together the council of trent and it met together on an off until 1563. It examined criticisms made by Protestants about the catholic church. They addressed the weakened and corruption of the church. The council argued the church could help believers achieve salvation by using magnificent ceremonies to inspire faith. -
Oct 8, 1556
Phillip II rules Spain
Champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation. He married Queen Mary I of England, He wanted Catholism in the Europeans but a revolt broke out in 1560’s when dutch refused. Court of blood, tortured rebels, and take control of duke of alba. 1609, revolt ended. His ruling ended in 1558 -
Oct 9, 1558
Elizabeth I becomes Queen of England
She was a protesant, and one of her first acts was drafting a new Supremacy Act in 1559, splitting England from Rome. Throughout her reign she was plotted against and threatened by catholics, she then persecuted any who worshiped as catholics. -
Age of Enlightenment
Was the generation that philosphers believed reason could be used to solve all human problems. Helped educate people through Europe and beyond. Books, magazines, newspapers help spread new ideas. at the peak of 1700’s Paris was the center. Pariasian women held gatherings (salons) they brought together philoshers, artist, scientists, to dicuss. This lasted all through the 1600's and beyond that time frame. -
Jamestown, colony in Virgina founded
The settlers of Jamestown were looking for gold, silver and a river route to the Pacific. They did not find these things, they found marshy ground and impure water. 80 percent of the settlers died in the first winter. -
Louis XIV becomes King of France
Absolute monarch, led France during time of great power, glory and prosperity. He was a young king at 18 years old, and at that time choosing the sun as his personal symbol saying the world revolved around him. Took control of military, political and economics. Wanted a very lavish lifestyle, telling the nobles to develop expensive new habits. -
Qing Dynasty in China begins
Manchu had to win the support of the south by respecting their customs and maintained the tradition. The manchu carried over much of the Ming government. Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong ruled. -
Oliver Cromwell rules England
He demanded complete obedience. He closed down English social life by closing theaters and limiting entertainment. He warred with dutch over trade and war into Scotland and Ireland. He wanted to limit Spanish activity in Americas so he also warred with Spain. -
Peter I (The Great) becomes Czar
Age 17, he wanted to bring western culture to Russia. 1697 He began to modernize russia by ship building, and requited European experts to Russia. Put church under state control, built russian industry, organized modern army. Founded St.Petersberg for new government. -
Catherine the Great rules Russia
After the new czar was murderd Catherine seized power and was declared czarina of Russia. Reformed legal, educational sytems, and removed some restrictions on trade Strengthen authority of monarchy in rural areas. -
French Revolution begins
King Louis XVI and Queen Marie-Antoinette ruled during the french revolution, they lived a lavish life. France was cut up into 3 estates, the Roman Catholic clergy, nobility and bourgeoise (merchants). Groups lost power to the monarchy. -
U.S Consitution is ratified
The constitution was written 1787 and created a federal sytem of government. It says certain powers are held to the federal government and other power to the state. This constitution was ratified and sent on to be signed by the states in 1789. -
Reign of Terror begins
Accusations, and trails were against the government of France, with these caused fear throughout the country. Civil war broke out between the Roman Catholic and the monarchy. They excuted the people of the revolutions and in paris (terrible.) During the 10 months of terror 300,000 people were arrestted and 17,000 were executed. -
Napolean becomes Emporer
He crowned himself, he wanted to build an empire and rule Europe and extend French power. Started Napoleonic Wars to conquer Europe that lasted until 1815. Napoleon gained control over most of Europe besides Great Britain, Sweden, Portugal and Ottoman Empire. -
Napolean defeated at Waterloo
Was the final defeat of French Military leader and Emperor Napolean. Defeated by British and Prussians. Ended the reign of Napolean and domination of France over Europe. -
Tokugawa Shogunate ends
Tokugawa won a battle to become shogunate in 1603. He brought prosperity to Japan with stability and peace in his rule. Made “five highways” for agriculture further improving trade. -
Thomas Hobbes writes Leviathan
Hobbes was a Royalist and he wrote what is now a classic work of political science. In his work he described humans as naturally selfish and fearful. He argued people needed an all-powerful manarch to live.
