medivel Euopre

St. Jerome finishes the Vulgate.

405

The Christian Gospel is translated into Latin.

Rome is sacked

410

by Alaric, King of the Visigoths. Decisive event in the decline of the Western Roman Empire.

Council of Ephesus Confirmed

431

Council of Ephesus Confirmed the original Nicene Creed, and condemned the teachings of Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople, that led to his exile and separation with the Church of the East.

Rome is sacked by Genseric,

455

Rome is sacked by Genseric, King of the Vandals.[4] Another decisive event in the Fall of Rome and held by some historians to mark the "end of the Roman Empire".

Odoacer deposes the last Roman Emperor Romulus Augustulus

476

Odoacer deposes the last Roman Emperor Romulus Augustulus Considered by many to be the starting point of the Middle Ages

Battle of Mons Badonicus

500

Battle of Mons Badonicus. The West Saxon advance is halted by Britons in England. Chiefly known today for the supposed involvement of King Arthur but because of the limited number of sources, there is no certainty about the date, location, or details of the fighting.

Justinian I becomes Eastern Roman Emperor.

527

Justinian I becomes Eastern Roman Emperor. Justinian is best remembered for his Code of Civil Law (529), and expansion of imperial territory retaking Rome from the Ostrogoths.

Byzantines, under Belisarius, retake North Africa

533

Byzantines, under Belisarius, retake North Africa from the Vandals. Vandal kingdom ends and the Reconquest of North Africa is completed.

Sui Dynasty in China.

581

Sui Dynasty in China. China unified once again during this period for the first time in almost 400 years.

Battle of Nineveh.

Dec 12, 627

Battle of Nineveh. The Byzantines, under Heraclius, crush the Persians.

Accession of Abu Bakr as first Caliph.

Jun 8, 632

Accession of Abu Bakr as first Caliph. Though the period of his caliphate was not long, it included successful invasions of the two most powerful empires of the time.

Death of Bede.

May 26, 735

Death of Bede. Bede was later regarded as "the father of English history"

Beginning of Abbasid Caliphate.

Jan 25, 750

Beginning of Abbasid Caliphate. Would become the longest lasting caliphate, until 1519 when conquered and annexed into the Ottoman Empire.

Death of Offa.

Jul 29, 795

Death of Offa. Marks the end of Mercian dominance in England.

Charlemagne is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

Dec 25, 800

Charlemagne is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. With his crowning, Charlemagne's kingdom is officially recognized by the Papacy as the largest in Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire.

Death of Charlemagne.

Jan 28, 814

Death of Charlemagne. Would be a factor towards the splitting of his empire almost 30 years later.

Henry I of England defeats his older brother Robert Curthose,

Sep 28, 1106

Henry I of England defeats his older brother Robert Curthose, duke of Normandy, at the Battle of Tinchebrai, and imprisons him in Devizes castle; Edgar Atheling and William Clito are also taken prisoner. This victory made a later struggle between England and the rising Capetian power in France inevitable.

In the Battle of Hundsfeld, Boleslaus III Wrymouth defeats Emperor Henry V.

Aug 24, 1109

In the Battle of Hundsfeld, Boleslaus III Wrymouth defeats Emperor Henry V. German expansion to the centre of Europe is stopped.

St. Norbert and 29 companions make their solemn vows marking the beginning of the Premonstratensian Order.

Dec 25, 1121

St. Norbert and 29 companions make their solemn vows marking the beginning of the Premonstratensian Order. This order played a significant role in evangelizing the Slavs, the Wends, to the east of the Holy Roman Empire.

Roger II is crowned King of Sicily

Dec 25, 1130

Roger II is crowned King of Sicily, a royal title given him by the Antipope Anacletus II. This coronation marks the beginning of the Kingdom of Sicily and its Mediterranean empire under the Norman kings, which was able to take on the Holy Roman Empire, the Papacy, and the Byzantine Empire.

The Second Lateran Council declared clerical marriages invalid

Apr 11, 1139

The Second Lateran Council declared clerical marriages invalid, regulated clerical dress, and punished attacks on clerics by excommunication. Enforces the major reforms that Gregory VII began to heavily campaign for several decades earlier.

King William I of Scotland, captured in the Battle of Alnwick

Jul 12, 1174

King William I of Scotland, captured in the Battle of Alnwick by the English, accepts the feudal lordship of the English crown and does ceremonial allegiance at York. This is the beginning of the gradual acquisition of Scotland by the English.

vAt the Battle of Legnano, the cavalry of Frederick Barbarossa is defeated

May 29, 1176

At the Battle of Legnano, the cavalry of Frederick Barbarossa is defeated by the infantry of the Lombard League. This is the first major defeat of cavalry by infantry, signaling the new role of the bourgeoisie.

Pope Lucius III issues the papal bull Ad Abolendam.

Nov 29, 1184

Pope Lucius III issues the papal bull Ad Abolendam. This bull set up the organization of the medieval inquisitions.