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William argued that Edward had previously promised the throne to him, and that Harold had sworn to support William's claim. William built a large fleet and invaded England in September 1066, decisively defeating and killing Harold.
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Papermaking process spread to other parts of the world following the Silk Road. Papers and printed materials gradually became available to the masses, which helped their literacy.
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The document was a series of written promises between the king and his subjects that he, the king, would govern England and deal with its people according to the customs of feudal law.
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The Crusades were military or quasi-military expeditions launched by Christian secular and religious rulers against Moslems in the Middle East from 1096 to 1291.
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The Black Death was caused by fleas carried by rats that were very common in towns and cities. The fleas bit into their victims literally injecting them with the disease. Death could be very quick for the weaker victims.
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It is the story of a group of thirty people who travel as pilgrims to Canterbury (England). The pilgrims, who come from all layers of society, tell stories to each other to kill time while they travel to Canterbury.
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After Chaucer became a member of the king's household, he was sent on diplomatic errands throughout Europe. In this service he gradually learnt what made it possible to write The Canterbury Tales.
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They were marked by a ferocity and brutality which are practically unknown in the history of English wars before and since.
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The book was immensely successful. It was said to have been the favorite book of King Henry VIII, Elizabeth I’s father.
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His victory at the Battle of Bosworth Field overthrew Richard III and effectively put an end to the Wars of the Roses. Henry is also known for his extreme frugality and his ability as an administrator.
