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The Franks first entered the Roman Empire near the mouth of the Rhine River in the 300s. They settled in the area of northern Gaul that corresponds to present-day Belgium and Netherlands
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The period in western European history following the collapse of the Roman Empire
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Mayor becomes hereditary
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Pepin 2's kid. Victory against Muslims, stopped Islam in Europe.
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Charles's kid. Defeats Lobards for Pope. "King by Grace of God". Donation of Pepin to Pope. Pope says "You can be king of France!"
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Pepin 3 (the short) was elected king in 751 by the ppl, and the pope officially crowned him "king by grace of god" in 754.
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'Nuff said. 24 April 1066
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The poem is based on an incident during Charlemagne's wars against Muslims in Spain. Charlemagne puts his nephew, Count Roland, in charge of the rearguard as French knights retreat. The reargaurd is attacked by a much larger Arab army, and Roland waits too long to summon Charlemagne's help.
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They tended to celebrate military ideals of courage in battle, loyalty, honour, and endurance, as well as legendary heroes.
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3 separate kingdoms
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In 481 an able ruler named Clovis became king of one of the Frankish tribes. He and his successors were called marovingians because Clovis traced his ancestry back to Meroveg. Brutal & cruel, but a great military leader. Troops conquered lots of places & soon controlled all of Northern Gaul.
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Leads to baptism of 3,000 warriors
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Charlemagne crowned Emperor of "Holy Romans" (AKA France) by Pope Leo 3.
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Little education but very intelligent. Deeply religious. Outstanding ruler. Warsome: defeated Lombards, Saxons, and Avars. Gov: Hundreds of regions, each ruled by a count. Each raised an army and made laws for their land. Missi dominici aka eyes and ears checked up on all. No taxes, tribute from conquered land was enough. All contributed to army. After death, empire crumbled under son: Louis the Pious. After Louis died, his 3 sons divided the empire. Charlemagne's descendents: Carolingians
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Education, Persuading Danes to leave with money, attackng Danes... BEGAN RULING IN 871