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During the Late Middle Ages, Europe experienced a series of hardships and disasters such as famine, plague, and warfare, resulting in a substantial decline in its population. Approximately one-third of Europeans perished due to the Black Death between the years 1347 and 1350.
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During the early Middle Ages, there was a focus on experimenting and preservation, while in the high Middle Ages (1000-1300), it shifted towards self-discovery and defining oneself. During this time, individuals from the Western world started asserting their sense of self as they gained knowledge and imposed their presence on others.
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Historians generally consider the early Middle Ages, which is occasionally disputedly called the Dark Ages, as spanning from the late 5th to the 10th century.