Timeline: Kings and events

797

The English experienced pirateering and pillage by the Vikings

-Great Viking Expansion
-the vikings changed to settlement

Jan 4, 1066

Death of Edward the Confessor

-no children
-promised the throne to his nephew, Edward the Exile, who died a few days after arriving to England.
-Edward the Exile's son, Edgar, was to be heir, but he was only 15 by the time Edward the Confessor died.

Jan 5, 1066

Coronation of Harold II Godwinson

-He was chosen by the Witan
-He was Edward's brother in law

Sep 20, 1066

Norwegians defeat the Earls of Mercia and Northumbria

-1st invasion
-leaded by Harold Hardrada
-aided by Tostig
-from Norway
-landed in Yorkshire in november

Sep 25, 1066

Harold II defeats Hardrada and Tostig at Stamford Bridge

End of the Viking age in England

Sep 28, 1066

Duke William the Conqueror landed at Pevensey (Sussex)

-2nd invasion (coming from Normandy)

Oct 13, 1066

The English army arrives at Senlac Hill

-The English army faced a larger freser foe and so they took this position

Oct 14, 1066

Battle of Senlac (Battle of Hastigs)

-Killed Harold II Godwinson

Dec 25, 1066

William I the Conqueror crowned at Westminster

he defeated Harold Godwinson, and became King by conquest.

1068

Northern revolts (1068-1069)

-Culminating in the massacre of the Norman garrisons at York and Durham

1070

Malcom III married Margaret

-he married into the old English royal family
-Margaret was daughter of Edward the exile, sister of Edgar Aetheling
-4 children: Edgar, Edmund, Edward, Ethelred

1087

William II crowned as king

-King William the Conqueror left the English crown to his second son (and favourite), William Rufus
-He was an able ruler but brutal and crude in an age of public piety.
- When he died, as he had no son, the nobles agreed to recogniza Henry I as king.

1100

Henry I crowned at Westminster

-first noman king born in England and the first to speak English
- crowned three days after death of William II
- he had to win the barons support : he distanced himself from William II's abuse of power and by making a number of concessions to the nobles.
- he acepted that there were limits to royal power and to the king's rights over novel property and church offices.
- during his reign the sharp differences between English and Norman society began to abate

Nov 11, 1100

Henry I married Edith of Scotland

Edith represented the Saxon bloodline
by marring her, Hnery I merged the old and new dynasties of England

1101

Robert's attempted invasion of England

He was Henry I's brother.

1106

Henry I defeated his brother Robert at Tinchebrat in Normandy

Robert spent the remaining 28 years as Henry I's prisoner

1124

David I became King of Scots

he was a well-educated younger son who came to the throne after the relatively early death of his brothers.
Earl of Huntingdon and a vassal of Henry I

1135

Coronation of Stephen of Blois

-On Henry I's death, the brons chose him, Henry I's nephew, as king
-He was only able to maintain his title by increasing concessions to the barons and to the chuch

1139

David acquired the county of Northumberland for Scotland

After Henry I's death, David I set himself to extending the Scottish realm southwards.

1153

David I died

He died at Carlisle

1154

Henry II succeeded Stephen of Blois

-inherited: Normandy, Tourine and Maine
-married Eleanor of Aquitaine. She brought: Aquitaine and Toulouse
-added: Wales and Scotland
-1171 conquered Southeastern Ireland

1189

The Reign of Richard I (the lionheart)

-1189-1199
-did little for England
-raised money to continue his fighting abroad
-had no concern for routine administration
-farmed out his royal privileges to Prince John and the barons
-Participated on the Third Crusade

1199

Reign of John

1199-1216
-England's worst king
-2 antagonists: King Philip ii (Philip Augustus of France) - Pope Innocent II
-married Isabella of Angoulême
-Rival : Hugh de Brown
-King Philip summoned him to stand trial, he refused and the King took all of his French domains.

1204