Islamic Timeline

By smizhquiri16
  • Nov 12, 622

    Muhammad's Hijra

    The small Muslim community that had grown around Muhammad headed to Medina. The move from Mecca to Medina is known as the hijra.
  • Nov 12, 622

    Abu-Bark

    Abu Bark is the fahter in law of the prophet Muhammad. Abu Bark was with Muhammad in the Hijra.
  • Nov 13, 623

    Gabriel speaks to Muhammad

    Archangel Gabriel appeared to him and instructed Muhammad to recite in the name of your lord. What Gabriel told Muhammad became the basis of the Qur'an.
  • Nov 12, 632

    Ali

    Ali is the closest survining blood of Muhammad. Therefore, the Shi'a believed that only he could be the next prophet of Islam.
  • Nov 12, 632

    Muhammad's death

    Muhammad death was unexpected. He left Islam with no assigned successor.
  • Nov 12, 633

    Split of Suria and Shia

    Sunnis and Shi'as are Muslims, but they practice Islam differently. The Sunnis and Shi'as both agree on the Fundamentals.
  • Nov 12, 661

    Umayyad Dynasty

    After the assassination of Ali, Umayyads came to power and chose Mu'awiya as the fifth caliph. Mu'awiya's father changed traditional Muslims governance by indentifying his son, Yazid, as his succesor. Therefore, the Umayyads were the first dynasty to rule an Islamic empire.
  • Nov 12, 750

    Fall of Umayyad Dynasty

    In the East, Umayyad Dominance was challenged by rising Muslim faction, the Abbasids. The Abbasids brought down the Umayyads in the 750 and sought to kill as many Umayyad family members as possible to avoid its later resurgence.
  • Nov 12, 750

    Rise of Abbasids

    The Abbasids seized power over Muslims lands. The Abbasids moved the capital to Baghdad in 762. Also, Abbasid expansion to the east brought them in conflit with the Chinese.
  • Nov 12, 762

    Abbasids move the capital of Islamic empire

    Abbasids moved the capital of Islam to Baghdad. Though the leaders were Arab, administrators and cultural influence were primarily Persians
  • Nov 12, 1055

    Fall of the Abbasids

    Seljug Turkmen took control of Baghdad. Their leader, Tugrul Bey, forced the Abbasids caliph to name him sultan.
  • Nov 12, 1096

    First Crusade

    When Christians started to have challenges the pope call the first crusades. Europeans maintained a presence in the region until the Crusades ended in 1204 and in spite of the conflit, trade flourished between east and west. It was partly through these exchanges that the learnings of Muslim scholars in the Middle East was shared with Europe.

  • House of wisdom

    The House of Wisdom was a library and university in Baghdad. It held great works of the classical world. The books were translated into Arabic.