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Muhammad, after preaching to the Meccans his teachings, begins his flight from Mecca to Medina.
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Muhammad arrives in Medina along with 75 followers. This arrival marks the beginning of the Islamic lunar calendar. The people of Medina accept the new religion, called "Islam". This word means submission to the will of Allah.
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Muhammad, the prophet of Allah and the founder of Islam dies.
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Muhammad's chief clerk collects Muhammad's revelations and teachings into a work called the Koran (Qur'an).
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Damascus, Syria is captured by the Muslims.
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Arabs conquered Alexandia and destroyed the great library. Omar, the second caliph, successor of Muhammad, conquered Alexandria, then the capitol of world scholarship.
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Spain is attacked and conquered by the Muslims, and most of the Spanish population is forced to convert to Islam.
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Christian Crusaders attack and capture Jerusalem, the birthplace of Jesus.
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Saladin, a Kurdish Muslim, declares himself the sultan of Eqypt and Syria.
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The Mongolians capture Baghdad and the city is sacked. in the battle, the caliph is killed, and the Abbasid caliphate comes to an end.
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Castile and Aragon capture Granada, Spain. All Muslims are expelled and driven out of the country.
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This is the effective reign of Suleyman he Magnificent. The Ottoman empire reaches its zenith. Hungary and coastlands of Algeria and Tunisia come under Ottoman rule.
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Caliph al Ma'mun founded a school in Baghdad called the House of Wisdom. In this school, scholars translated Greek philoshophy classics into Arabic.
