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Muhammad was born 570 in the city of Mecca. He also was a religious, political, and military leader from Mecca who unified Arabia into a single religious polity under Islam.
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Abu Bakr was asenior companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He had ruled over the Rashidun Caliphate from 632–634 CE. As to that he became the first Muslim Caliph following Muhammad's death.Born: AD 573, Mecca
Died: August 23, 634 AD -
It marks the Hijra (or Hegira) in 622 CE when the Prophet Muhammad moved from Mecca to Medina, and had set up the first Islamic state.
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Mecca was conquered by the Muslims in January 630 CE.
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He died as a result of being poisoned following his attack upon and conquest of the Jewish settlement of Khaibar.
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Was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. Was born in 661-750.
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Was the third of the Islamic caliphates. Born in 750-1258. The Abbasid caliphate was founded by the descendants of the Prophet Muhammad's youngest uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib 566-653.
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The Mongols also had the support of non-Muslims under Abbasid control. Many Christians in the region saw the Mongols as saviours, hoping that by decimating Islam's adherents, the faith itself would also be destroyed. Indeed, in return for Christian support, the Mongols - some of whom were Nestorian Christian themselves spared Christian churches and communities from their pillaging. Abbasids were at disadvantage, to compete with Mongols. Troops were neglected and weren't prepared for the invasion
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In the 11th-13th century asassins. The Assassins train terrorists and employ a network of secret agents in the camps and cities of their enemies. These enemies are legion. Foremost among them are the Seljuk Turks and the caliphs in Baghdad (the Assassins murder two caliphs).
