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Muslims began to trade down the newly developed "maritime Silk Road" and made an impression along the way with their trading and sailing skills. They had a monopoly on the East-West trade on these routes, thus giving them many chances and ports to connect with others in the regions of Eastern Asia. https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/content/did-you-know-spread-islam-southeast-asia-through-trade-routes
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Muslim merchants inspired the kings of Sumatra Island to follow Islam, which helped them further integrate into the trading roads. https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/content/did-you-know-spread-islam-southeast-asia-through-trade-routes
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We know from artifacts found in the Philippines that Muslim traders were already there by the 10th century. By the 1200s, Muslim merchants made more and more contact with local people, spreading Islam to different regions. https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/content/did-you-know-spread-islam-southeast-asia-through-trade-routes
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Mahmud Ghazan becomes Khan and converts from Buddhism to Islam- causing other high profile Mongolians to convert. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islamic-world/Conversion-of-Mongols-to-Islam