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Indian soldiers greased their new Enfield rifles with beef and pork fat. Muslims were outraged. Sepoys rebelled, marched to Delhi and joined by Indian soldiers. They captured Delhi, the rebellion spread to northern and central India. (start of Sepoy Mutiny Revolution)
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As a result of the mutiny the British government took direct command of India.
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Gandhi is born
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Indian National Congress was founded (nationalist group)
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Gandhi’s first trip to South Africa
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Muslim League was founded (nationalist group)
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Gandhi and Smuts, the Prime Minister of the Transvaal, reach an agreement, ending the protests
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Gandhi returns home to India, and receives a hero's welcome
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Indian troops returned home from the war, they expected Britain to treat them as promised but instead they treated as second-class citizens
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British passed the Rowlatt Acts (allowed government to arrest protesters without trial for two years) Because of this 10,000 Muslims and Hindus flocked to Amristar, a major city in the Punjab.
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A horrifying day for all Indians who seeked independence, 10,000 people including women, and children gathered in the Jallianwala Bagh to peacefully protest, troops were sent and started shooting at them. (Jallianwala Bagh Massacre)
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The Congress Party endorsed civil disobedience, British arrested thousands of Indians who had participated in strikes and demonstrations.
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Gandhi organized a demonstration to defy the hated Salt Acts since they could only buy salt from government and had to pay taxes.
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The name of the Greek country was changed from Persia to traditional Iran
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Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the leader of the Muslim League. Wanted Muslims to have their own state Pakistan.
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India gains independence from Britain in August 15. Pakistan emerges as a separate Islamic nation, and 600,000 die in clashes during subsequent population exchange of 14 million people between the two new countries
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Gandhi dies
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War with Pakistan over disputed territory of Kashmir.
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Jawaharlal Nehru first prime minister of India
