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The Silk Road opened trade with the West
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Indian Ocean begin to trade with small settlements
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Cowry shells also known know as cowries was as money and were traded for food, goods, and services.
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sailing vessels and were aerodynamic advance compared to other sailing vessels
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Hangzhou was located on the East China Sea making it the natural center of trade. Hangzhou also brought spices from South Asia to China.
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was on the Niger River linked North African with region farther south.
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Malacca was the shortest path between China and India, local authorities under Malacca sultanate made it a safe trade and travel destination.
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Grains were imported from East Africa coast
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The cities like Zimbabwe to obtain gold, ivory, and iron
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naval expeditions
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Indian Ocean trade started to decline when Portugal invaded and tried to run the trade for its own profits,
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navigation tool to help calculate latitude
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Diseases like the smallpox, plague, influenza, and cholera broke into the Indian trade and became an endemic.