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Marked end of the First Opium war between Great Britain and the Qing Dynasty of China. This gave the British Hong Kong.
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U.S. and other foreign citizens gained extraterritorial rights. Diplomiatic agreement of the Quing Dynasty in China and the United States.
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Nanjing was declared Hongs capital.
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Cixi was in power with inly one brief gap
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There was a rebellion and at least 20 million died.
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Measures called for reorganizing educational system, strengthen economy, moderize military, streamlining the government.
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In fear that nations would divide China into colonies the United States made the open door policy saying that China had to trade with all nations.