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Boxer Rebelion
Violent rebellion against the Westerners through 1899-1901. Rebels attacked foreign embassies, but were heavily defeated by the modern weaponry of the imperial powers -
Rise Puyi
Death of the emperor in 1908 results in the rise of two-year old Pu yi. Prince Chun ruled as a regent but further weakened the empire situation -
Double Tenth Revolution
During the double tenth Revolution. The government lost control of the military and provinces declaredthemselves independent from Beijing -
The Republic of China is formed
Sun Yixian is elected as the provisional President. Sun resigns and Yuan Shikai was now elected to be President -
Abdication of Puyi
Overthrow of the Manchu Dynasty as a consequence of the Double Tenth revolution -
Period: to
Rule of Yuan Shikai
Ruled as a dictator -
KMT
Koumintang becomes a parliamentary party under Sun Yixian
Guiding principle:
-Nationalism
-Democracy
-Land Reform -
Period: to
First World War
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Japan´s 21 Demands
Japan submitted a list of demands backed with a threat of war, these demands increased significantly Japan´s control over China -
Fall of Yuan Shikai
Yuan proclaimed himself emperor, as a consequence he lost the support of the army and revolutionaries had no wish to see the mocharchy being restored. Forced to abdicate and died three moths later -
Period: to
Warlord Era
After Yuan´s death China was divided into hundreds of small states each controlled under a warlord and a private army. Causing misery to the peasants in China -
May Fourth Movement
The Treaty of Versailles ignore China´s claim over the territory lost to German in the 19th Century, and the Shantung Province was given to Japan.
On may 4th students protested against the Treaty -
Chinese Communist Party formed
Founded by Chen Duxiu with the support of Soviet Russia -
First United Front
KMT and the CCP wanted to unify China, this meant gettingrid of the warlords -
Rise of Chiang Kai-shek
Sun Yat Sen dies the 12th of March 1925 followed up by the rise of Chiang Kai-shek on July of the following year -
Northern Expedition
Sent by Chiang Kai-shek to crush the warloards in North and Central China. It was a great success -
Period: to
The Civil War
Between the Chinese Nationalists Party and the Communist Party of China -
Firts Encirclement Campaign
Chiang Kai-shek encircles Jianxi Soviet but is defeated by the CCP -
Second Encircling campaign
Launched by the KMT. Defeated by the CCP -
Third Encirclement Campaign
Launched by the KMT. Defeated by the CCP -
Japanese invasion of Manchuria
KMT adopted a policy of non resistance because of a weak navy and disunity in the country -
Truce with Japan
Chiang attempted to resist the Japanese attacks on Shanghai in 1932 but was unsuccesful and it May they agreed to a truce although Japan kept advancing and gaining control over China -
Fourth Encirclement Campaign
Mao was not involved. However Zhu De commander in chief of the Red Army used the same tacticts and defeated the KMT -
Fifth Encirclement Campaign
KMT change its approach with an air cover and artillery defeating the Red Army in October 1934 -
Long March
The long march took more than 368 days and the death of 90% of the communist to reach Shaanxi and set up a communist base there. -
Japanese invade China
The Japanese responded to the"National War of Resistance" by attacking the Marco Polo bridge. -
Rape of Nanjing
The capital (Nanjing) was to be moved to Chongquing. Nanjing was therefore left to face the onslaught of the Japanese, who caused apalling atrocities in the city -
Period: to
Second World War
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Anhui Incident
Anhui incident ends the Second United Front -
Japan Surrenders
Japan surrenders in China`s theatre -
US General Marshall in China
General George C Marshall arrives to China to lead negotiations. Leaves in 1947 -
Truce
Truce between CCP and KMT -
USSR withdrews from Manchuria
USSR begins to withdraw from Manchuria and fighting between the CCP and the KMT resume in Manchuria -
Period: to
The Civil War resumes
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Chiang Kai-shek takes Yan´an
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Mao announces Land Reform
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China AID Act
US congress passes China Aid Act, aid is therefore sent to the KMT -
Battle of Huai Hai
GMD loses the battle in January of the following year -
CCP captures Nanjing
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CCP takes Shanghai
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Establishment of the People´s Republic of China
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Chiang Kai-shek flees to Japan
End of the Civil War. Communists defeated the KMT
