HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE

  • 1553

    HE IS RECOGNIZED AS KING

    HE IS RECOGNIZED AS KING
    Philip of Habsburg, son of Emperor Charles V is recognized as King of the Romans
  • 1554

    BECOMES KING CONSORT OF ENGLAND

    BECOMES KING CONSORT OF ENGLAND
    By his marriage to Mary I of England, Philip of Habsburg becomes King Consort of England.
  • 1555

    THE PEACE OF AUSBURG IS SIGNED

    THE PEACE OF AUSBURG IS SIGNED
    The peace of Augsburg is signed, ending the religious wars of the Holy Roman
  • 1556

    ABDICATES HIS TWO THRONES

    ABDICATES HIS TWO THRONES
    Carlos I King of Spain and V Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates his two thrones.
  • 1557

    HE DECIDED TO SUPPORT THE FLAMENCO REBELS

    HE DECIDED TO SUPPORT THE FLAMENCO REBELS
    decided to support the Flemish rebels, exploding the Italian wars between France and the Holy Roman German-Hispanic Empire.
  • 1558

    PHILIP OF HABSBURG AND CROWNED TWO DAYS LATER IN FRANKFURT

    PHILIP OF HABSBURG AND CROWNED TWO DAYS LATER IN FRANKFURT
    Philip of Habsburg is elected emperor and crowned two days later in Frankfurt, known as Philip I.
  • 1559

    ELIZABETH OF TUDOR IS CROWNED AS ELIZABETH I OF ENGLAND

    ELIZABETH OF TUDOR IS CROWNED AS ELIZABETH I OF ENGLAND
    Queen Elizabeth I of England re-establishes the Church of England
  • 1560

    THE AMBOISE CONSPIRACY IS QUESTIONED

    THE AMBOISE CONSPIRACY IS QUESTIONED
    Since Emperor Philip I of a deeply Catholic faith was against the peace of Augsburg that offered an apparent freedom of worship.
  • 1561

    CATHERINE DE MEDICI AS REGERENT

    CATHERINE DE MEDICI AS REGERENT
    sends the Edict of Orleans in which the persecution of Huguenots in France is prohibited, which calms down a bit the Protestants.
  • 1562

    SIGNATURE OF THE EDICT OF SAINT-GERMAIN.

    SIGNATURE OF THE EDICT OF SAINT-GERMAIN.
    where freedom of worship is recognized for Protestants, especially Huguenots in France.
  • 1563

    FRANCIS DUKE OF GUISE DIES WHILE BEGING ORLEANS.

    FRANCIS DUKE OF GUISE DIES WHILE BEGING ORLEANS.
    Signing of the Edict of Ambroise between the Regent Catherine de Medici and the Huguenot Luis de Borbón Prince de Conde.
  • 1564

    DIES VALENCIA FERDINAND OF HABSBURG

    DIES VALENCIA FERDINAND OF HABSBURG
    Emperor Philip I appointed as Governor his cousin Maximilian, son of Ferdinand of Habsburg.
  • 1565

    IN UTRECHT, A COUNCIL OF NOBLES MET IN THE FACE OF PERSECUTION

    IN UTRECHT, A COUNCIL OF NOBLES MET IN THE FACE OF PERSECUTION
    Foundation of San Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, by the Portuguese.
  • 1566

    A COUNCIL OF NOBLES MEETS MARGARET OF PARMA

    A COUNCIL OF NOBLES MEETS MARGARET OF PARMA
    They ask for the withdrawal of the Spanish Inquisition and respect for freedom of worship.
  • 1567

    THE DIET IS CALLED IN THE CITY OF REGENSBON

    THE DIET IS CALLED IN THE CITY OF REGENSBON
    Battle of Oosterweel, in which rebel Calvinist forces north of Antwerp clashed with Spanish Tercios, victory went to the Spanish.