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Lay investiture was a ceremony where kings and nobles appointed church officials. The real power in naming bishops was given to whoever controlled the lay investiture. Church reformers felt that kings shouldn't have this power. Lay Investiture was then banned.
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Canossa, an Itailan town was where Henry crossed to.
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Fighting over lay investiture between Henry and Gregory continue. In Worms the emperor and representatives of the Church met. They reach a compomised known as the Concordat of Worms.
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The seven princes chose Fredrick to become a King. He was nicknamed "Barbossa". He was the first to call his land the Holy Roman Empire. He dominated German princes with his forceful personality and military skills.
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Frederick’s army of mounted knights fought the foot soldiers of the Lombard League. For the first time in history the Italian foot sol-diers used crossbows to defeat feudal knights.
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The Pope and Fredick make peace. The German princes had undermined his authority after the defeat.
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Fredrick dies and his empire falls to pieces.
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Pope Leo III crowned Charlemage emperor. Future conflicts between emperors and popes were unknowingly set by this. Charlemage was one of the greatest Emperor.
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With constant war and political turmoil the church was stable during this era. Belogining to a religous community gave Christians a sense of security. Christians liked knowing the path of salvation to everlasting life was there for them because of their harsh lives.
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Canon Laws are Church laws that all medieval Christians, kings and peasants were subject to. Violating the canon law would result in people having to go to court. Interdict and excommunication were two of the harshest punishments that people could face if they broke the canon law.
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He was the ruler of Germany and also known as Otto the Great. He formed a great alliance with the Church. He dominated the Church in Germany and defeated their princes.
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On the Pope's behalf Otto invaded Italy and was then crowned emperor.
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The Holy Roman Empire was the German- Italy empire. Otto created it and it was also known as the Roman Empire of German Nation. It fell in 1100.
