GREECE

By David_Wang_74
  • Period: 490 BCE to 479 BCE

    Persian Wars

    The Persian Wars were 3 major battles in total. The first battle took place in Marathon, and the Greeks won the war by using the phalanx formation. Pheidippides ran 26 miles to inform Athens. The second battle was the battle of Thermopylae. The Greeks held the mountain pass Thermopylae for 3 days before losing to the Persians. The third battle was the Battle of Salamis, where the Greeks sank a third of the Persian’s ships and won. This war is the first time Greeks united together and they won.
  • Period: 479 BCE to 431 BCE

    Golden Age of Athens

    After winning the Persian Wars, Athens became very wealthy and the leader of the Delian League, an organization between the city-states to prevent the future invasion of the Persians. Pericles was the leader of Athens during it's Golden Age and increased democracy, built a strong navy, and made Athens more beautiful. Athen developed culture and democracy in this time period, including Greek columns, theatre (including tragedy and comedy), and classical art, which portrayed ideal beauty.
  • Period: 431 BCE to 404 BCE

    Peloponnesian War

    The Greeks got very wealthy and powerful during it's Golden Age by receiving lots of taxes from the other city-states through the Delian League. Sparta and some other city-states can’t stand it anymore and established the Peloponnesian League. Then Sparta declared war on Athens. Pericles, the leader of Athens, brought the people behind the city wall. But there was a terrible plague and lots of people, including Pericles, died. Sparta finally won the war but both city-states were weakened a lot.
  • Period: 336 BCE to 323 BCE

    Alexander the Great conquers Greece

    After the Peloponnesian Wars, both Athens and Sparta were weakened a lot, making Philip the II of Macedonia conquer Greece easily. When he died, his son Alexander the Great became king and also conquered Persia, Anatolia, India and Egypt. He combined the main ideas of the cultures from these places and formed Hellenistic culture, which were less perfect compared to the classical arts. He made the city of Alexandria in Egypt, which is an important city for Hellenistic culture.