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War of independence
War that confronted the original Thirteen British Colonies in North America against the Kingdom of Great Britain. It happened between 1775 and 1783 -
independence of the us
Colonists believed they did not have self-government. The British forced colonists to allow British soldiers to sleep and eat in their homes. The colonists joined together to fight Britain and gain independence. -
French revolution
France was on the brink of bankruptcy due to its involvement in the American Revolution and King Louis XVI's extravagant spending. This led to a people's revolt against the inequalities of French society, the corruption of royal officials, and despair owing to widespread economic hardship. -
Napoleon empire
created by the French soldier Napoleon Bonaparte, who in 1804 was crowned emperor of the French. That coronation led to war with several European states, especially Great Britain, Austria, Russia and Prussia, which wanted to prevent French expansion. Those wars are called Napoleonic wars or coalition wars. -
Fernandinan VII
He was king of Spain between 1808 and 1833. -
Spanish American Independence
The Spanish-American wars of independence were a series of armed conflicts that developed in the American territories of the Spanish Empire at the beginning of the 19th century -
Constitution of Cadiz
the Cortes of Cádiz promulgated the Constitution of the Spanish Monarchy, affectionately known as "La Pepa" for having been enacted on Saint Joseph's day. The constitution had ten titles and 384 articles and was of a markedly liberal character. -
Congress of Vienna
with the intent of redrawing the borders of Europe after the chaos caused by the Napoleonic and French Revolutionary Wars. The Congress was initially dominated by the four great powers who had deposed Napoleon: Austria, Russia, Prussia and Great Britain. -
1820 Revolution
The revolutions of 1820 arose as a reaction to the Restoration that occurred as a result of the defeat of revolutionary France, and which implied the reestablishment of the Old Regime and the application of legitimist principles. -
The Liberal Triennium
Is the period of the contemporary history of Spain that takes place between 1820 and 1823, and which constitutes the intermediate stage of the three in which the reign of Ferdinand VII is conventionally divided, being subsequent to the Absolutist Sexennium and prior to the Ominous Decade. -
Monroe doctrine
President James Monroe in December 1823, the doctrine warns European nations that the United States would not tolerate further colonization or puppet monarchs. -
1830 revolution
The revolution began in France in 1830 and meant the overthrow of the Bourbons and the implantation of a constitutional monarchy in the hands of Louis Philippe de Orleans. His influence expanded outside the French border and led to the independence of Belgium and Poland's confrontation against the Russians. -
Bourbon restoration
It was the period in the history of France between the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1814 and the July Revolution of 1830, during which the House of Bourbon again occupied the French throne. -
Isabell 2
She was queen of Spain between 1833 and 1868, thanks to the repeal of the Succession Regulation of 1713 through the Pragmatic Sanction of 1830. -
The opium wars
two wars (1839–42/1856–60) between China and Britain resulting from the Chinese refusal to allow the importation of opium from India. China ceded Hong Kong after the British victory in 1842. The British and French victory in the second war established free trade in Chinese ports and the legalization of the opium trade -
1848 revolution
The French Revolution of 1848 was a popular insurrection that took place in Paris 1848. King Louis-Philippe I of France to abdicate and gave way to the Second French Republic. Its causes were fundamentally economic and political. In 1847, an agricultural crisis broke out -
American civil war
The Civil War or American Civil War was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865 as a result of a controversy over slavery, which dates back to the origins of the country. -
Meiji restoration
The Meiji Restoration transformed Japan. The government became centralized around the figure of the emperor, and the political system now allowed people to pursue new opportunities. -
Ilatian unification
Garibaldi handed Naples and Sicily to him in November 1860 and by 1861 Italy was declared as a kingdom. Only Venice and Rome would remain under foreign control and they became a part of Italy in 1866 and 1871 respectively. Thus, the Unification of Italy was completed. -
Bismarckian alliances
System of international alliances that Otto von Bismarck sponsored after the Franco-Prussian war to isolate France and thus avoid its hypothetical revenge after the defeat of 1871. -
German unification
After the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, the German princes proclaimed the founding of the German Empire in 1871 at Versailles, uniting all scattered parts of Germany except Austria. Victory in the Franco-Prussian War proved the capstone of the nationalist issue, rallying the other German states into unity. -
1 Republic
Political regime in force in Spain from its proclamation by the Cortes on February 11, 1873, until December 29, 1874, when the pronouncement of General Martínez Campos led to the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy. -
Alfonso XII
Officially son of Queen Elizabeth II and King consort Francis of Assisi of Bourbon, with the beginning of his reign the First Republic ended and the period known as the Restoration began. -
Berlin Conference
They sought to discuss the partitioning of Africa, establishing rules to amicably divide resources among the Western countries at the expense of the African people. -
Fashoda incident
Territorial disputes in Africa between France and Great Britain. In this town, nestled in present-day Sudan, French and British clashed in their claim to build a railway line that connected some of their African colonies. -
Boer war
The appearance of gold in the Witwatersrand, now Johannesburg, caused the war between England and the South African republics of the Transvaal and the Orange Free State between the years 1899-1902. -
Alfonso XIII
Alfonso XIII of Spain, called "the African" was king of Spain from his birth until the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic. He personally assumed the Crown when he was sixteen years old, on May 17, 1902. -
Maroccan crises
The First Moroccan Crisis or the Tangier Crisis was an international crisis over the status of Morocco. Germany wanted to challenge France's growing control over Morocco, aggravating France and Great Britain. -
Primo de Rivera dictatorship
The dictatorship of Primo de Rivera was the political regime that existed in Spain from the coup d'état of the captain general of Catalonia, Miguel Primo de Rivera, until his resignation on January 28, 1930 and his replacement by the "soft dictatorship" of General Dámaso Berenguer. -
Wall stret crash
The crash of '29 was the most catastrophic stock market crash in the history of the stock market in the United States. Its impact, its global reach and the long duration of its consequences caused the so-called Great Depression. -
II Spanish Republic
The Second Spanish Republic, whose official name was the Spanish Republic, replacing the monarchy of Alfonso XIII, and at the end of the Civil War, which gave way to the Franco dictatorship. -
1931 Constitution
The proclamation of the Second Republic on April 14, 1931 gave rise to elections to the Constituent Cortes, which, after half a year of work and hard confrontations between the different political options, approved the Constitution of the Spanish Republic -
Asturias miners strike
It was a workers' insurrection that was part of the revolutionary general strike organized by the socialists (PSOE) throughout Spain known as the October Revolution of 1934 and that only took root completely in Asturias. -
Spanish civil war
This conflict was caused by an attempted military coup against the Spanish government, which had the purpose of establishing a dictatorship. The coup began with the uprising of Spanish military troops that were in Africa -
Second world war
It was a global military conflict that took place between 1939 and 1945. Most of the nations of the world were involved in it. -
Operation barbarossa
Also known as the German invasion of the Soviet Union, was the code name for the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and some of its allies. -
Attack on pearl horbour
Was a surprise military offensive carried out by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor -
Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
On 6 and 9 August 1945, the United States detonated two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki respectively. The bombings killed between 129,000 and 226,000 people, most of whom were civilians, and remain the only use of nuclear weapons in an armed conflict. -
United nations
International organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War by 51 countries that undertook to maintain international peace and security, foster friendly relations among nations and promote social progress, improved standards of living and human rights. -
Universal declaration of human rights
Is a document adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in its Resolution 217 A (III), which includes in its 30 articles the human rights considered basic