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ECONOMY TROUBLE
The Third estate couldn't afford that much of taxes, the taxes were so high that they couldn't even work properly. The bad weather in 1780 was terrible, this destroyed the crops. The price of the bread increased, many people faced starvation. Louis XVI (16), he borrowed so many money to help the American revolutionaries in their war against The Great Britain. -
THE WEAK LEADER LOUIS XVI
Louis XVI is a weak leader, he paid attention to his advisor and the government. But his wife Mary Antoinette made him worse, she give bad advice to Louis, this is not it. She likes to buy a lot of stuff, she likes to buy gowns, jewelry, and she likes to Gamble. She became known as "Madame Deficit". -
THE MEETING
Louis XVI realize that he doesn't have any money anymore. So he started a meeting, the first time in 175 years. Each estate will need to come, to approve the new tax. -
THE UNEQUAL
There are three estates, the first and the second are the main estates. each estate will be in separate halls, and there will be one vote for each estate only. Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès he gave a speech that he suggests the third estate name should be “national assembly” and pass law and reform in the name as “French people” -
THE UNEQUAL PT.2
They also voted that establish the National Assembly, they officially end the absolute monarchy and the beginning of representative government. This vote was a big step of the act of revolution.
After three days, the third estate found out that they are locked outside of the meeting room. they are angry and The broke in the door into an indoor tennis, So this event is called the “Tennis Court Oath” -
STORMING THE BASTILLE
There are rumors going on in Paris saying that
Louis purposely used military force to dismiss the National Assembly.
that the foreign troops were coming to Paris to slaughter French citizens.
People gathered together and brought their weapon to defend for their cities. They get into the Bastille the Paris prison, they walk around streets with the dead men’s heads on pikes.
This is a great symbolic the act of french revolution
this day July.14 became a holiday. -
LOUIS TRYING TO ESCAPE
After the the National Assembly restructured with The church and the state, Louis XVI thought his fate as a monarch. Louis’s adviser warned him that he’ll be in danger, many supporters thought that france would be in danger so they wanted to leave to other country. Louis’s family tried to escape to the Austrian neitherland. But no one escaped successfully, this make Louis’s reputation go down, because it seems like he didn’t take the responsibility. -
THE LIMITED MONARCHY
National Assembly completed the new constitution, this constitution created a limit of the king’s authority. It also created a new legislative body, the Legislative Assembly. Means that they can make laws. However the king still holds the most power, he has the power to enforce the law.
The new government still have the problem of the food shortage and the money that french owed others.
On the other hand the sans-culottesm (paris worker) they have their own way to survive at the Paris street. -
THE LIMITED MONARCHY PT.2
Legislative Assembly split into three parts
1. Radicals, the people who sat the at the left side of the hall. They opposed the monarchy’s idea. sweeping changes in the way the government has run
2. Moderates, they sit at the center, wanted changes in government
3. Conservatives, they sit at the right side of the hall, they support the idea of limited monarchy. wanted few changes. -
FRANCE AT WAR
The other country watched how france had changed, they are scared that the same thing would happen to their country. Austria and Prussia took actions, (Prussia is basically German). They suggest France that they should make Louis the absolute monarchy again.
The war started at April.1792 -
FRANCE AT WAR
The war started very badly, the Prussian threaten Parisian that if any revolutionaries harmed the royal family they will destroy Paris. August lots of people crushed into Tuileries where the royal family was staying. They slaughtered all the guards and lock Louis, Marie and their children at the Prison.
There’s rumors going on that the king’s supporter is going to save them. The citizen is angry and they murdered all the prisoners. Adult male citizen has the right to vote, but not for female. -
JACOBIN TAKE CONTROL
Jacobin is a member of the National Convention, while French revolution he edits the newspaper named “L’Ami du Peuple”. Georges Danton, a lawyer, very passionate and He also support the poor people. The government changes Louis XVI from the king to a normal citizen. Then Jacobin guide France for a while. -
THE WAR CONTINUES
The National Convention also extended the war with Austria and Prussia. The Great Britain, Holland, and Spain joined Prussia and Austria against France. France went through a long time fighting against the following countries. Jacobin took a big step. -
END OF LOUIS XVI
Louis XVI life ended in January. 21 1793 He got beheaded by the Guillotine. Before he got beheaded he had a speech to everyone, this is what he said "I die innocent of all the crimes imputed to me. I pardon the authors of my death, and pray God that the blood you are about to shed will never fall upon France"
My Opinion: I kind of feel bad for Louis XVI, I mean he isn't a bad leader, he just doesn't know how to act strong. His wife is bad, she shouldn't have spend that much money. -
MAXIMILIEN ROBESPIERRE // REIGN OF TERROR
Maximilien Robespierre he slowly gained power, they changed the calendar, dividing the year into 12 months of 30 days and renaming each month. But there’s no sunday because they radical considered it old-fashion and dangerous. They closed all the churches in Paris.
The period are known as the “Reign Of Terror”. Robespierre thinks it is right to use of terror by suggesting that it enabled French citizens. He also saw the terror. -
END OF THE TERROR
French Revolution the Reign of Terror ended at July 28, when Robespierre went to the guillotine. People were tired of the terror, they are also tired of the high price of everything. Some of them are corrept but they made themselves rich at the country’s expense. The new general came “Napoleon Bonaparte”. -
NAPOLEON BONAPARTE
Napoleon Bonaparte became the hero after the French Revolution, he support the Revolution a lot. Napoleon led the French army to Austria, Kingdom of Sardinia. Napoleon swept through italy and won a remarkable victory. Napoleon led an expedition to Egypt, but he didn’t repeat the success like how he success in Europe. He was a great hero back then. -
NAPOLEON'S ACTIONS
Napoleon were super powerful by the time, he Napoleon almost went through every countries at Europe. He controled the center of europe. French Empire was big, but it was unstable, because it’s too big that Napoleon couldn't control by his own. -
NAPOLEON RULED FRANCE
At first, Napoleon builds a strong economy, banking system and steady supply of tax money. Napolean ends the corruption that Louis XVI did. He also builds government-run public schools. He brought back the churches back. Napoleon signed an agreement with Pope Pius VII. this created a new relationship between the church and the state. Napoleon made a “Napoleonic Code”. Napoleon decided to make himself as a general in 1804, at that time Napoleon is more powerful than the church. -
EXPAND THE FRENCH EMPIRE
Napoleon expands his empire fast, he captured land and ships. Napoleon’s battlefield successes he forced the rulers of Austria, Prussia, and Russia to sign peace deals.
But then Napoleon lost one of his most important wars, the "Battle of Trafalgar". The British commander, Horatio Nelson (very smart)
Napoleon lost the war.
Horatio Nelson:
First, he make sure the power of British will last until the next 100 years.
Second, it forced Napoleon gave up the plan of invading Britain -
THE COLLAPSE
THE MISTAKES TAKE NAPOLEON MADE:
Britain: Napoleon but blockades between Great Britain and other European nations. so this would stop the trading. But this actually makes Europe worst
The Peninsular War: Napoleon wanted his brother to be the Spanish king but then the Spanish citizen like their original king better. Spanish peasant fighters, known as guerrillas, ambush at
French armies in Spain. The guerrillas were not an enemy that Napoleon could defeat.
Britain added more trouble . -
THE COLLAPSE PT.2
Russia: The worst mistake that Napoleon. Napoleon brought 420,000 soldiers marched into Russia.When Napoleon entered Moscow, the city was in a mess. Napoleon stayed until the middle of October, then he decided to turn back toward France.
Russia starts to snow, the temperature goes downwards very fast. Napoleon's soldiers died because of the weather. Some of them died in the war. -
THE END
Frederick William III of Prussia and Czar Alexander I of Russia led their army to French's Capital. Napoleon wants to fight on but his generals say no. April. 1814 agree to give up his throne. They send him to a small island of italy. Louis XVI’s brother assumed the throne as Louis XVIII. But Louis XVIII isn't popular at all. Napoleon tried to regain his power again. -
THE END PT.2
The British army and Duke of Wellington. Prepared for battle near the village of Waterloo in Belgium. Napoleon was tired so he give up. The time where he came back from Elba until he cames back, this is called the "Hundred Days". The people who fought at the Waterloo will recieve a metal. Britain sends Napoleon to St. Helena, an island in the South Atlantic. He lived alone for 6 years. He died in 1821 of a stomach ailment.
