-
The Bread Riots
Bread was the basic staple of most people’s diets, and variations in the price of bread were keenly felt by the poor. These were not usually violent, nor did they involve looting, but instead were a collective action designed to force bakers to sell bread at a "just" price rather than the price the market would allow. On Saturday the fourteenth, a baker seemingly tried to sell bread for thirty-four sous which that morning had cost thirty. The people gathered, furious with bakers in general. -
The Estates General
On May 5, 1789 King Louis XVI called a meeting of the Estates General. this consisted of 3 estates, The nobles, the clergy, and the common people. At this meeting, reforms and a constitution were demanded. Here, they changed the name of the Estates General to the National Assembly, which represented the people of France, not just classes.. This meeting was led mostly by the third estate, until the king kicked them out of their usual meeting place. -
The Storming of the Bastille
Happened in Paris on July 14, 1789. The building and prison in paris known as the Bastille represented royal authority in the center of Paris. The Bastile only Contained seven prisoners when it was being attacked. In Paris July 14 is a public holiday Fete de la Federation. -
The Great Fear
• People frequently rioted about the “aristocratic conspiracy” to overthrow the third estate (the estate for the people)
• July 14 1789 the people stormed and seized the Bastille
• Took place through the year 1789
• Lead to the Declaration of the Rights of Man -
Declaration of the Rights
The Article Declaration of the Rights was adopted august 26,1789. The declaration embodies ideas to which france pledged to struggle in the future. The declaration came together in the late 18th Century out of war and revolution. The Delaration has come to be called secular natural law. -
Arrest of the King
King Louis XVI was arrested on September 21, 1792 by the people and Militia. With this event, the first French Republic was proclaimed. KIng Louis was tried on counts of treason, was found guilty, and sent to death in January of 1793. -
Execution of the King
• The execution of King Louis XVI
• Louis was beheaded at the guillotine in Paris
• Attempted to give a speech but was drowned out by drums
• The first person to be put to death by the guillotine -
Committee of Public Safty
*Lead by Maximillion Robespierre.
*Beheaded his enemies and labled them as traitors.
*Consisted mainly of jacobin radicals.
*Around 40,000 people died at the guilotine. (favored form of death, was thought to be pain free) -
Reign of Terror
The Reign of Terror was a period of violence that occured for one year and two months after the onset of the French Revolution. Many people were killed with numbers ranging from 16,000 to 40,000.The Roman Catholic Church was against the Revolution, which had turned the clergy into empolyees of the state. -
The Little Corporal
Napoleon was premoted to Brigadier General after his victory over the brittish at Toulon. He recieved his nickname from his own men for being well...short. He was arrested for about a week after Robespierre's death, but was soon released. To protect the national convention he dispersed royalists with a "whiff of grapeshot". This stopped the riot but left hundreds wounded or dead in the streets. -
Robespierre’s Execution
• Was the execution of Maximilien Robespierre
• Supposedly tried to shoot himself a day before the execution
• Was beheaded at the guillotine in Paris
• Marked the end of the committee of public safety -
Egyptian Campain
The Egyptian campain went from 1798-1801. It was Napoleans unsuccesful campain in Egypt and Syria to protect French trade interests and undermine Britain's access to India. After landing on Egypt Napoleans 25,000 men fought off 21,000 Mamelukes in the Battle of the Pyramids. While the battle on land was a resounding victory for the French, the Britch navy conquered the sea -
1st consul Bonaparte
After the Coup d'Etat he was voted into power as the 1st of 3 consuls. In 1800 he led his troops across the alps and defeated the Austrians. At the time, Beethoven had dedicated his 3rd symphony to Napoleon. If you were to check the original sheet music today you can see he scrached out his name. Through his use of propaganda he kept his defeats covered up by the media of the time. In 1802 he declaired himself consul for life. -
Emperor Napoleon
Napoleon's coronation was almost 7 months after he was proclaimed emperor. He invited the Pope but crowned himself to show he was the sole reason for his throne. In 1805 he tried to cut off brittish trade with blockades at european ports. He would not suffer any major defeats untill he headed to Russia. -
The Battle of Trafalgar
The Battle of Trafalgar occured on october 21, 1805 in the Cape of Trafalgar, on the south western coast of Spain. The battle was between The British Royal Navy, and fleets of France and Spain. Although Napoleon was a geneius of war, he was no match for Lord Nelson and the Royal Navy. This defeat of the French and Spainish naval forces eliminated any possibility of a French invasion of Great Britain. -
Battle of Austerlitz
This battle was one of Napoleans greatest victories. Napolean defeated a Russo-Austrian army, commanded by Tsar Alexander I, afters nearly nine hours of difficult fighting. On December 26 1805, Austria and France signed the Treaty of Pressburgh, which took Austria out of the war. -
Russian Campaign
Russia's armies had led the French Grande Armee on a merry dance during its invasion of his homeland but, fewer than 120 kilometres from Moscow, the new commander General Mikhail Kutusov turned and got ready to fight at Borodino. Napoleon Bonaparte arrived with more men (133,000) but fewer guns (587).Exhaustion led to both sides winding down their efforts by 5pm and the Russians retreated during the night having suffered 44,000 casualties. The French had 33,000 men killed and wounded. -
The Congress of Vienna
After the exile of Napoleon to Elba, the victorious Allied powers began a series of committee sessions in Vienna to sort out the problems of Europe.
The Big Four were Britain, Austria, Prussia and Russia. The newly royalist France was invited to join later.The key thing for the Allies was to organise a peace that would bring stability to Europe and contain France.While peace was the major point, the Allies also wanted to restore the rulers of Europe to their pre-1792 thrones. -
Exile on Elba
• The first exile of Napoleon
• Napoleon escaped the island and got back to France
in the 100 days campaign
• Island off the coast of italy
• Was given a house and control of 110,000 people on the island -
Battle of Waterloo
Place: South of Brussels, Belgium
Combatants: British, Germans, Belgians, Dutch and Prussians against the French Grande Armée
Leaders: Napoleon Bonaparte of France/Duke of Wellington of Great Britain
Background to the battle:
On 1st March 1815 Napoleon escaped from Elba and landed in France. Nineteen days later he was in Paris and resumed his title as Emperor. His army rallied to him. The European allies reassembled their armies and prepared to resume the war to overthrow the Emperor yet again.
