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The first ever case recorded using forensic science. Sung T'zu observed the amount of water in the lungs of drowning victims and the damaged cartilage in strangulation victims.
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Worked to make chemical analysis a routine of forensic medicine, and made studies of asphyxiation, the decomposition of bodies, and exhumation.
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Used thumbprint on documents to identify workers in India.
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Developed Anthropometry which uses body measurements to distinguish individuals.
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Used fingerprints to eliminate an innocent burglary suspect.
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Published first Sherlock Holmes story; considered first "CSI", featuring deductive methods.
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Published "Finger Prints". Conducted the first definitive study of fingerprints and their classification. Gave proof of their uniqueness.
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Wrote the first paper describing the application of scientific principles to the field of criminal investigation.
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Discovered ABO blood groups, later received Nobel Prize.
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Incorporated Gross' principles within a workable crime lab; became the founder and director of the Institute of Criminalistics at the University of Lyons, France.
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Published "Questioned Documents". Developed fundamental principles of document examination.
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Developed a method for determining blood type from dried blood.
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Established the first crime lab in the United States, located in Los Angeles.
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Developed a comparison microscope; first used to compare bullets to see if fired from the same weapon.