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The Great Northern War
This war was fought between the Swedish Empire and the early Russian Empire. The war started when an alliance of Denmark-Norway, Saxony, and Russia declared war on the Swedish Empire. The war was fought on and off for the 21 years it lasted. It ended in defeat for Sweden, giving Russia a port on the Baltic Sea. -
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Events Leading to the Russian Revolution
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The Decembrist Revolt
Russian army officers led 3,000 soldiers in a protest against Nicholas I's assumption of the throne. After constantine had his renunciation, Nicholas I assumes the throne. The royal guards already swore their loyalty to Constantine, but then convinced others not to swear allegiance to Nicholas I. Army officers and 3,000 soldiers marched to Senate Square and proclaimed their loyalty to Constantine and the Constitution. -
Czar Alexander II Emancipates the Serfs
Alexander II releasedthe serfs and many limited liability companies were produced. In all places where there was serfdom, emancipation committees were established. These committees were made to ameliorate the condition of the peasants. Releasing the serfs affected the social, economic, and political future of the nation. -
Bloody Sunday
This was a massacre in St. Petersburg in which unarmed peaceful protesters marched for a petition, but then were gunned down Imperial Guard. In 1904 there was a strike that led to this march at the Putilo plant. In 1905, the striking workers gathered at six different points in the citty. These workers were organized and led by Father Gapon, a Russian priest. The army pickets let out warning shots, but then they fired directly into the crowd, causing the massacre. -
The Revolution of 1905
The revolution was a wave of mass political and social unrest that spread through the empire. It included worker strikes, peasant unrest, and military mutinies. The people wanted more political democracy and limits on czar absolutionism. The czar, Alexander II, tried to fill many of the demands put to him. Eventually this revolution led to Bloody Sunday, and later the abdication of Alexander II. -
The Russo-Japanese War
This war was known as "the great 1st war of the 20th century. The war was between Russia and Japan over control of Manchuria and Korea. With superior power and numbers, Russia was expected to win this war swiftly and easily. The russians were unorganized and Japan defeated them in a series of battles on land and sea. Many Russians were slaughtered in this battle. -
Czar Nicholas II Abdicates the Throne
At the end of the March Revolution, Nicholas chose to abdicate his throne. He drew up a manifesto that named his brother as the new emporer of Russia. His brother refused to accept the throne until the people were allowed to vote, The abdication brought many different emotions including delight, relief, fear, anger, etc. -
The March Revolution
This is aterm for a series of revolutions that popped up all over 1917. Members of the Duma (Russian parliament) took control of the country. They formed the Russian Provisional Government. One of the main reasons the people could take over the country was because the Russian army had setbacks due to World War I. -
The Assassination of Czar Alexander II
Nicholas wanted to go to exiile in the United Kingdom following his abdication, But this was overruled by King George V, Instead the family lived in a mansion near the Urals, to protect themselves from the Revolution. Then they were transported to their final home. On July 17, 1918, the czar and his family were executed. -
World War I
When World War I first broke out, the Russians rallied around Alexander II. But later, his control was undermined by Grigory Rasputin, and later, Lenin and the Bolshiviks. In the war, things weren't going so well; the Russian army was greatly weakened in the initial stages of the war. Russia formed the Triple Entente alliance with the British and the French. In the end, they lost because the were forced to give up Ukraine, Finland, the Baltic provinces, the Caucasus, and Poland.
