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The Roman Empire falls, causing chaos and confusion, and marking the beginning of the European Dark Ages.
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A monk who established monasticism, which came to dominate Christianity in Western Europe.
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Clovis I becomes king of the Franks by defeating rival tribal leaders, where he would go on to unite the Frankish tribes and spread Christianity by the sword.
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Justinian ruled over the Byzantine Empire from 527 to 565, reclaiming lost lands in the West, rebuilt the Hagia Sophia, and established the Code of Justinian.
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Under Justinian's rule, the Byzantine Empire fought the Ostrogoths, taking back Italy and reuniting the old empire.
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Ships carrying rats with plague ridden fleas enter Constantinople, and within 4 months, 25% to 50% of the population had died.
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A monk who became a Pope and helped establish the responsibilities and power of the Papacy.
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Muhammad dies, triggering the spread of Islam by the sword.
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The Muslim Moors cross the Straight of Gibraltar into Spain and defeat the Visigoths.
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The Frankish king, Charles the Hammer, leads the Christian Franks to victory over the Moors, ending European Islamic expansion.
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Charlemagne was a Frankish ruler, who expanded the Frankish Kingdom into the Carolingian Empire, encouraged education, helped in the conversion of Europe to Christianity by making conquered peoples convert or die, and became emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in 814 A.D.
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People from the Scandinavian lands begin to raid Europe, and continued to do so for about 250 years.
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Became the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire after helping the Church in Italy.
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Henry IV was excommunicated from the Church for challenging the Pope's authority
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Harold took the throne of England after the previous king dies childless.
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William invades south England to take the English throne by hereditary right, claiming that he was the previous king's cousin.
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The decisive battle between Harold II and William, in which William is victorious and becomes the first Norman king of England, becoming known as William the Conqueror.
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Expanded England into parts of France, Ireland, and Scotland, and even attempted to expand his control into the Church.
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French king who expanded the kings power and established Paris as the center of political power.
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Richard I, also known as Richard the Lionheart, revolted against Henry II for his cruelty and became a great military leader, and went on the 3rd Crusade leaving his brother John I in charge.
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Failed to retake Normandy and revolted against by English barons due to high taxes, and was forced to sign the Magna Carta.
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Battle between France and England, ending in French victory and helped unite nobility around the French king.
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A document that strengthened the rights of the people while limiting the power of the king, becoming the foundation of English law.
