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Montesquieu publishes book, On the Spirit of Laws
Montesquieu, a famous Enlightenment thinker, made this book called "The Spirit of Laws" which goes over his ideal of seperation of powers of the government system and how states should have checking power over other branches, creating the judicial, execcutive, and the legislative. branches. This book shared important political theories and influenced the ideas of the United States Constitution. -
America Declares Independence
After the unbearable acts set by the British, which were tax laws that were extremely unfair to all colonists. All of the delegates from the 13 colonies meet in which is called the First Continental Congress, to make clear of their problems with the king. In 1776, Thomas Jefferson writes the Declaration of Independation. -
French Revolution
In 1789, King Louis XVI calls a meeting between all three estates, to vote on a new tax act that makes up for some of the debts created from the spoiled king who spends way too much of the people's money with his wife, Marie Antoinette. The Third Estate, made of peasants and poor people, decides to makep the National Assembly that annouces the end of an absolute monarchy and the start of a republic. -
Napoleon Overthrows the Directory in a coup d'etat
In 1799, the Directory, the French government system with 5 men leading, is losing control of the French people. Napoleon comes back from war with Egypt, and tricks the French people into voting for him after creating 3-man-team with two other known men of France, to make him dictator of France. -
Haiti Wins Freedom from France
Toussaint L'Ouverture, a former slave skilled in political matters, takes leadership of Haiti. L'Ouverture frees over 500,000 slaves, but soon the French come and throws L'Ouverture in jail. However, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, Toussaint L'Ouverture's lieutenant, takes control and wins the fight. He then declares Haiti's Independence. -
Napoleon crowns himself emperor, begins to create a vast European Empire
After the French people recognize Napoloen's great success as first consul, after creating lycees, creating an efficent taxing and national banking system, and pleasing the Church by making sure it gets all spiritual power, Napoleon makes himself emporer. He then goes on to be a very successful leader. -
Padre Hidalgo calls for Mexican Independence
In 1810, a poor but well-educated man named Padre Miguel Hidalgo, studied Enlightenment ideas, declares a rebellion in Mexico from the Spanish. Hidalgo starts a march of Indian and mestizo followers towards Mexico City for Mexican Independence. -
Napoleon is Defeated at Battle of Waterloo
After Napoleon creates an unstable, French Empire, that includes all of Europe, except Britain, the Otttomon Empire and Portugal He makes the mistake of marching an army of nearly 500,000 men into Russia in the coldest season. Therefore, Napoleon comes back with only about 4,000 soldiers. Napoleon is then exiled to the Island of Elba. He then soon comes back to France and declares himself and Emperor once again.100 days later, British and Prussian forces defeat him at the Battle of Waterloo.
