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The set of economic transformations, based on the application of the machine to production, that promoted a great growth of all sectors of the economy.
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The main engine of the Industrial Revolution as it accelerated the economic development of many countries. This event marked an important change in the industrial revolution, as the creation of this machine replaced the use of human and animal energy with steam energy. Human beings realized the great range of production they had with machines and the speed with which they could make products, compared to manufacturing. It was increasingly incorporated into the industry and improved.
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It meant the overthrow of the Old Regime dominated by absolute monarchy and feudal aristocracy and the implantation of bourgeois-dominated liberalism.
During the revolution, France went through various levels of change. At a political level, the absolute monarchy was replaced by a constitutional monarchy and a moderate free republic. At the socio-economic level, under the impetus of political change, France began the path to modern industrialization and the establishment of a bourgeois society. -
Napoleon's coronation took place on Sunday 2 December at Notre-Dame de Paris in the presence of Pope Pius VII. He wanted to establish the legitimacy of imperial rule with his new royal family and new nobles. To this end, he designed a new coronation ceremony different from the French king, which emphasized the (sacred) dedication and anointing of the king.
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He was the first monarch of the Bourbon Restoration in France, except for the period called "the 100 days" where Napoleon I briefly regained power. The sixth coalition, made up of almost all European states, invades France and enters Paris. The revolts in Spain forced the French to withdraw from Spain thanks to the military actions of Wellington. Napoleon is forced to abdicate. The Allies crown Louis XVIII and send Napoleon to the island of Elba.
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The European states form a last coalition (the seventh), formed by Prussia and Britain, to end Napoleon.
Wellington will end up defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo. He will be exiled to the island of Santa Elena where he will die. -
The Allied Powers of the Seventh Coalition sign the Treaty of Vienna. With this treaty they wanted to geopolitically redistribute Europe in order to maintain the balance between the powers and avoid possible revolutionary acts. To guarantee this last assumption the Holy Alliance is created: military pact where all the powers commit themselves to act militarily against any revolutionary or liberal regime.
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France invaded the city of Algiers in 1830 under the pretext of piracy and a diplomatic conflict. Thereafter, and until 1880, they will occupy the territory with strong rejection of the indigenous population
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The liberal revolution is a kind of revolution, mainly carried out by the bourgeois social class, which aspires to become the ruling class against other social groups that oppose its power.
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The Communist Manifest is regarded as a key piece for the understanding of Marxist thought, since in it Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels laid out the foundations of their political, economic and social theories.
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It is a group of groupings, movements and practices of the working class, created with the aim of freeing themselves from capitalist exploitation, achieving labor improvements and even transforming society through a social revolution.
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The organization was founded in London and initially brought together British unionists, anarchists and French and Italian republican socialists. Its aim is the political organization of the proletariat in Europe and the rest of the world, and a forum for the study of common questions.
Finally, the disagreement between Marx and the supporters of socialism, on the one hand, and the supporters of Bakunin and anarchism, on the other, led to its disintegration. -
Is a war that breaks out between the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia, with the support of the Federal League of North Germany, the United Kingdom of Baden, Bavaria and Württemberg.. In this conflict, about 240,000 people died. The Franco-Prussian War was a struggle: the Kingdom of Prussia and the ruling group of the empire led by Otto von Bismer achieved the expected political unity and the birth of the Second Empire.. In this confrontation, Napoleon III was captured.
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It is the expansion of one’s own territory or influence by dominating other countries and forming a unity. Domination may be territorial, as in colonialism, cultural or a combination of the three.
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This conference was convened by France and England and organized by the Chancellor of Germany, Otto von Bismarck, in order to solve the problems posed by colonial expansion. The Conference proclaimed free maritime navigation on the Congo and Niger rivers, established free trade in the centre of the African continent. Congo and the prohibition of slavery was agreed.
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The Paris Commune was an insurrectional movement that briefly ruled the city of Paris, was the first government of the working class of the whole world, was self-managed socialist. The Commune ruled for 60 days promulgating a series of revolutionary decrees, such as the self-management of factories abandoned by their owners, the creation of nurseries for the children of the workers
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It was an organisation founded by the socialist and labour parties. It is characterized by new changes in the organization of work (Taylorism, in which the division and specification of work was the norm, and Fordism, which is a chain production system created by Henry Ford), new sources of energy (Oil and electricity) and new sectors of production (the chemical industry, the food industry and the new iron and steel industry), etc.
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The Belgian Congo was the name of the territory administered by the Kingdom of Belgium in Africa, which was established after strong international pressure caused by the harsh regime exercised by Leopold II of Belgium. The abundant wealth (rubber, ivory, mines, etc.) of the Congo prompted the crown and concessionaire companies to undertake a brutal exploitation of its population, which halved. Some historians refer to this period as a "forgotten holocaust."
