Early Modern Period By corrie_m Jan 1, 1368 Zhu Yuanzhang proclaims Ming dynasty Jan 1, 1434 Portuguese exploration of west African coast [1434] Jan 1, 1453 Fall of Constantinople to Ottomans Jan 1, 1462 Ivan III frees much of Russia from the Mongols Jan 1, 1481 Portuguese fort at El Mina established [1481] Jan 1, 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas Jan 1, 1498 Vasco da Gama reaches India Jan 1, 1500 Cabral lands in Brazil Jan 1, 1509 First Spanish colony on American mainland [1509] Feb 27, 1510 Portuguese conquest of Goa Feb 27, 1510 Safavid conquest of Persia completed Feb 27, 1514 Ottoman victory at Battle of Chaldiran Feb 27, 1517 Luther initiates Protestant Reformation Feb 27, 1526 Babur’s conquest of India Feb 27, 1533 Pizarro conquers Cuzco Feb 27, 1590 Hideyoshi unifies Japan Feb 27, 1603 Tokugawa Shogunate established Jan 1, 1604 Time of Troubles begins [1604] Jan 1, 1608 French settlement in Canada Jan 1, 1613 Election of first Romanov tsar Feb 27, 1619 Dutch East India Company establishes Batavia Feb 27, 1642 Galileo dies [1642] Feb 27, 1644 End of Ming dynasty Feb 27, 1648 End of Thirty Years War Feb 27, 1652 Dutch establish colony in southern Africa Feb 27, 1652 Dutch establish colony at Cape of Good Hope Feb 27, 1689 Beginning of reign of Peter the Great Feb 27, 1690 Glorious Revolution in England Feb 27, 1695 Gold discovered in Brazil Feb 27, 1707 Death of Aurangzeb, Mughal decline begins Feb 27, 1713 Bourbons recognized as rulers in Spain Feb 27, 1733 Kay introduces flying shuttle to weaving Feb 27, 1736 Nadir Shah proclaimed sultan of Persia Feb 27, 1744 French-British wars in India Feb 27, 1773 Pugachev revolt Feb 27, 1776 Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations Feb 27, 1781 Comunero, Tupac Amaru Revolts Feb 27, 1785 Hreditary status of serfs fixed Feb 27, 1804 Reform among Hausa Feb 27, 1815 British seize Cape Colony from Dutch Feb 27, 1828 Death of Shaka Feb 27, 1833 British slave trade abolished
![Portuguese exploration of west African coast [1434]](https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.timetoast.com/public/uploads/photo/5115907/image/d3a000a3d666fb4ce3c72792490110c4?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAJB6ZCNNAN7BE7WDQ%2F20250913%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250913T102409Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=1759da4a01d7d89fbc6a85f66856a0921c36c2354cad28ab3d557de6aa6d92ef)
![Portuguese fort at El Mina established [1481]](https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.timetoast.com/public/uploads/photo/5115926/image/9e479343b1ec4a52c18c9bebaa233c29?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAJB6ZCNNAN7BE7WDQ%2F20250913%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250913T102409Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=119531d80a55963cdb95600faf0835f8f718a5122e0296bdd769c9cdb7801532)
![First Spanish colony on American mainland [1509]](https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.timetoast.com/public/uploads/photo/5115968/image/8cf8033780162326246841b98abb09b0?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAJB6ZCNNAN7BE7WDQ%2F20250913%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250913T102409Z&X-Amz-Expires=604800&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=14d74ae545d5f2797fa34528413244b41ba813c91428f64ce3a49d32eaa2dbf6)
