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World War 1
Sultan Mehmed V, the last leader of the Ottoman Empire, sided with the losing side of the war. -
San Remo Agreement
At the end of the war, European countries divided up the Ottoman Empire into new countries like Palestine. However, they didn’t pay attention to existing cultural borders. They grouped people together who had nothing in common, resulting in conflict. -
World War 2 and Anti-Semitism
Anti-Semitism, or the hatred of Jews, and the Holocaust forced Jews to flee. Due to Zionism, many of them decided to settle in Palestine, which was already home to a lot of Palestinian Arabs. The latter didn’t want Palestine to become a Jewish state. -
The United Nations Intervenes
Great Britain asked the U.N. to solve the problem. The U.N. decided to divide Palestine in half, with 1 half for the Jews and the other half for the Arabs. The Jewish people accepted the plan, but the Arabs didn’t. -
Israel Declared Independent
Jewish leaders declared Israel to be an independent state. -
The First Arab-Israeli War
Iraq, Syria, Egypt, Jordan, and Lebanon declared war on Israel immediately following Israel becoming an independent state. Israel won the war. -
The Second Arab-Israeli War "Suez Canal War"
Israel, Great Britain, and France attacked Egypt. This resulted in the death of Egypt’s leader. -
Palestinian Liberation Organization
The Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) was formed, due to the 700,000 Palestinian Arabs that were forced to leave their home. PLO refused Israel’s right to exist -
The Third Arab-Israeli War
It was also known as the six day war as the whole war only lasted six days. Israel took over many Palestinian territories and emerged victorious. -
The Fourth Arab-Israeli War "Yom Kippur War"
Egyptian and Syrian forces attacked Israel on Yom Kippur, the holiest day in the Jewish calendar. They chose this day because they hoped to catch Israel unprepared. Despite this, Israel still won. -
Egypt Makes Peace
Egypt became the first Arab country in the region to make peace with Israel. Leaders of Israel and Egypt discussed Palestinian’s wish for their own state. -
Palestinian Rebellion
Palestinian Arabs in Gaza Strip and West Bank rebelled against the Israelis. This lead to rioting and extreme violence on both sides. -
Persian Gulf War "Operation Desert Storm"
It involved Iraq, Kuwait, U.S.A., and the U.N. Saddam Hussein wanted control of Kuwait’s oil supply, so he invaded Kuwait, sparking the war. At the end of the war, Kuwait’s oil wells had been damaged. The U.N. put an embargo on Iraq until they destroyed their nuclear weapons. -
Palestinian Liberation Organization Peace Treaty
Israel and PLO signed an agreement. Israel agreed to return land to the Palestinians. -
Jordan Peace Treaty
Israel and Jordan signed a peace treaty. -
Afghanistan War "War on Terror"
It involved the U.S.A and Afghanistan. The U.S.A. went to war after 9/11 to capture Al-Qaeda and find Osama bin Laden, Al-Qaeda's leader. It was believed that the Taliban were protecting bin Laden from the U.S.A. At the end of war the Taliban were defeated, the US.A. created a new government for Afghanistan, and bin Laden was killed. -
Iraq War "Operation Iraqi Freedom"
It involved the U.S.A., Iraq, and Britain. It was caused by fear of Iraq's nuclear weapons and aiding groups like Al-Qaeda. Due to the war, Saddam Hussein was captured, tried, and finally executed on December 29, 2006. A democratic government was established in Iraq. -
Gaza Strip Uprising
Palestinians in Gaza Strip rose up against the Israelis. There was damage to both sides, and both sides claimed victory.
