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1948 War
Ended March of 1949- Israel declared independence. Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and Iraq attacked Israel. Israel gained land, Egypy gained the Gaza Strip and Jordan gained the West Bank and East Jerusalem. Hundreds of thoudsnds of Palestinians and Jews became refugees. -
Six Day War
Ended June 10th, 1967- Egypt blockaded Israel. Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Iraq moved troops and Israel's borders and made threatening statements. Israel launched a preemptive strike. Israel captured the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, the Golan Heights from Syria, and the Gaza strip and all of the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt. More Palestinians and Jews became refugees. Terrorism became more common. -
Settlement Construction Begins
Began after The 1967 War- Israeli government approved the building of settlements on land that was captured in the 1967 war. In 1967 there were around 3,200 settlers in West Bank, but now there are 300,000. The future of their settlements is a major issue between Israel and Palestinian authority. -
Attrition Battles
Began right after The 1967 War and ended September of 1970- During The 1967 War, Israel gained land from Egypt, Jordan, and Syria, These Arab nations did not want to negotiate with Israel. The PLO, during this time, began to attack Israeli military personnel and attempt to overthrow Jordan's king. The fight between Jordan and the PLO was known as "Black December" and when Jordan suceeded at throwing out the PLO, the PLO moved its base of operations to Lebanon. -
The October War
Ended October 26th, 1973- Egypt and Syria attacked Israel on the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur. Israelis managed to fight back. This war reminded Israelis of the importance of the buffer zones gained in 1967. After the war, Israel regained territories but did not keep additional land. -
Egypt and Israel Sign a Peace Treaty
Egypt became the first Arab country to recognize Israel and establish a peace treaty with them. Isreal returned all land to Egypt that had been acptured during the 1967 war, The agreement bacame a model for Israel's "Land For Peace" treaty. -
The 1982 Lebanon War
Ended September 14th, 1982- This conflict began when PLO units in Southern Lebanon attacked communities in Northern Israel. Israel then fought back. Up until 2000, Israel had maintained military presence in Southern Lebanon, Preventing terrorist attacks. Renewed terrorist attacks led to thr Second Lebanon War in 2006. -
The Oslo Accords
Set of agreements when Israel and the PLO signed a Declaration of Principles (DOP). For the first time, the PLO formally recognized Israel, and Israel recognized the PLO. Both parties accuse each other of not fufilling their obligations. -
The First Intifada
Ended September of 1993- Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and West Bank started an uprising against Israeli control in these areas. Conflict coninued until the Oslo Accords were signed in 1993. -
Israel and Jordan Sign a Peace Treaty
In 1994, Jordan became the second Arab country to recognize Israel. Slowly, trade, business relations, tourism, cultural exchanges, and scientific cooperation between them has increased. -
The Camp David Summit
First major attempt to negotiate an agreement between Israel and Palestine. Goal of summit was not achieved, which was for the two states to living side by side in peace, and only made for further conflict. -
The Second Intifada
Ongoing- Israeli General Ariel Sharon visited Jewish Temple Mount, Palestinians claimed that the visit was provacative and they began to riot. Both sides were impacted anf failed to make peace. Some say it ended Febuary 8th, 2005 but others say it is still going on. -
Arab Peace Initiative is Proposed
Proposal by Arab League offered peace in return for Israel to withdrawal from terrotories captured in the 1967 war. Israel has welcomed proposal but has not accepted all demands. -
Israel Begins Constructing the West Bank Barrier
israel decided to build a security narrier to seperate citizens from terrorist groups. Argued that barrier is temporary and can be taken down when there is peace. -
The Roadmap for Peace is Proposed
Proposed by the "Quarent" and involves steps to create independent Palestine and secure Israel. On November 27th, 2007, principles of Roadmap were reaffirmed at the Annapolis Conference. -
Israel Disengages from Gaza
Prime Minister Aril Sharon moved ahead with seperation of Israel an Palestinian states. Was very controversial and plan has been criticized. Since Israel has disengaged, more terrorist attacks have occured. -
Hamas Is Elected
Palestinians elected a majority of Hamas members. Western nations imposed santions and suspended aid to Palestinian Authority due to the election results. -
The 2006 Lebanon War
Ended August 11th, 2006- Hezbollah, a radical group, committed to destroying Israel. They crossed Lebanon-Israel borders and attacked. Hostilities ended with UN Cease Fire Resolution. -
The Battle of Gaza (2007)
Ended June 15th, 2007- Great tention between Hamas and the PLO Fatah due to Hamas' win in the election. Two Palestinian governments: Hamas and Palestinian Authority. -
The Gaza War
Ended January 18th, 2009- Israel attacked Hamas targets in Gaza to disrupt terrorism. Hundreds of militants killed, many civilian casualties, and buildings and economy damaged. -
Gaza Flotilla Incident
Israel and Egypt began blockade of Gaza. Israel states that actions were justified. It led to deterioration in the relationships between Isreal and Turkey. -
The Arab Spring
Protests began December 18th, 2010 in Tunisia, government was overthrown in Tunisia January 14th, 2011- Citizens in Arab states began to protest against autocratic and oppresive governments. The long-term impact of ongoing changes in Aeab nations and peace process is not clear yet.
