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Boxer Rebellion
It was an anti-imperialist, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising that took place in China between 1899 and 1901, toward the end of the Qing dynasty. They were motivated by proto-nationalist sentiments and by opposition to Western colonialism and the Christian missionary activity that was associated with it. -
Double Tenth Revolution.
It was a period in which Imperial Japanese authorities launched a series of arrests and subsequent torture against civilians in Singapore following Operation Jaywick. -
Twenty-One Demands
Were a set of demands made during the First World War by the Empire of Japan. The demands would greatly extend Japanese control of Manchuria and of the Chinese economy, and were opposed by Britain and the United States. In the final settlement Japan gained a little but lost a great deal of prestige and trust in Britain and the US. -
Warlords Era
It was a period when national authority in China disintegrated and the country broke apart into a jigsaw of regions, each controlled by powerful local leaders. This fragmentation of political power continued during Yuan Shikai’s presidency -
Paris Peace settlement
Also known as Versailles Peace Conference, was the meeting of the victorious Allied Powers following the end of World War I to set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers. -
May Fourth Movement
Chinese students protest the Treaty of Versailles. -
Chinese Communist Party
The CCP was founded, is the sole governing party within mainland China, permitting only eight other, subordinated parties to co-exist, those making up the United Front. It was founded in 1921. -
First United front (GMD and CCP)
It was formed in 1922 as an alliance to end warlordism in China. Together they formed the National Revolutionary Army and set out in 1926 on the Northern Expedition. The CPC joined the KMT as individuals, making use of KMT's superiority in numbers to help spread communism. -
GMD attacks CCP.
After the white terror in Shanghai where the GMD attacked supporters of the communist party, the GMD officially declared war and attacked the CCP in July 1928. The GMD saw the CCP as an ideological foe and a political threat to the GMD's rule over China, thus a civil war erupted between the two sides. -
The long March
In order to avoid an invading force of 800,000 men, Mao decided that it was imperative for the CCP to set up another base and move north. The Long March took 368 days to complete and lead to the death of 90% of the Chinese communists who survived the encirclement campaigns. The Long March was taxing yet necessary for the CCP's survival.
