-
- Increased agricultural production + shift in rural life and Styles to urban (city)
- Silver based economy
- imperialism, which means extending powers of a nation by gaining contort over political and economic life
-
- Britain introduced opium to Manchu China (a drug)
- opium trade war. China lost the war which caused trade to increase with Britain
- 2nd opium war China lost again then it opened trade with all European countries
-
- government corruption ( civil service exams)