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Period: to
Double Tenth Revolution and establishment of the Chinese Republic
China was ruled by the imperial Manchu Dynasty. Due to the bad condition in which China was and to the death of the Emperor, this dynasty was overthrown.
The creation of the Chinese Republic was declared with Dr. Sun Yixian's invitation to be China's first president. -
Period: to
Guomindang (GMD) formed. Sun Resigns and Yuan Shikai declared provisional President
Yuan ruled China due to and agreement he and Sun Yixian made (to end the Manchu Dynasty's rule). Sun's party reformed as the Guomindang and declared itself a parliamentary party. -
Period: to
Yuan attempts to become Emperor and dies
Yuan lost the support of the military when he tried to proclaim himself Emperor in 1916 and three months later he died. -
Period: to
Yuan dies and Warlord Era begins
With Yuan's death, China broke into small provinces which were controlled by a warlord and a private army. -
Sun attempts to set up republic in Guangzhou.
Because China was divided, Sun returned to China to advocate Chinese reunification. -
The May Fourth Movement
Students demonstrated their inconformity against traditional Chinese culture, Japanese and also showed they hostility against the Treaty of Versailles.
This movement was focused on the rebirth of China as a proud nation. -
Chinese Communist Party (CCP) formed
At the very beginning, only intellectuals were part of the CCP and had no military strength. -
First United Front
GMD and CCP agreed to get rid of the of the warlords. -
Massacre of Communists
Jiang became anti-communist and carried out the White Terror, a 'purification movement' to expel and kill thousands of communists, trade unionists and peasant leaders. -
Jiang has control of Beijing, declares China now united.
In 1926, the GMD set out the Northern Expedition in order to crush the warlords of central and northern China. By 1928, they had control over Hangzhou, Shangai and Nanjing.