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PEASANTS
The mayority of the population in China were peasants. They had a hard life and were extremely poor. They had to pay takes to the Manchu Imperial Court and oftenly, part of their land was reduced, besides, they had to pay to the landlords with 80% of their harvest and people were starving to death. -
RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR
China lost more territory than it had before to Japan, this was part of a pact created in this War and the mayority of people in China felt betrayed and unhappy, as Japan was seen as an enemy. -
YUAN SHIKAI
Yuan Shikai established his government in Beijing by the name GMD and they won almost every seat at the National Assembly. European influence and powers supported him.With this power he declared himself empeor and accepted the 21 demands which wasn't approved by the Chinese people. -
MAY FOURTH MOVEMENT
This movement was lead by 3000 Beijing University students that protested against the Versailles Peace Conference. It started when China declared War against Germany and when they signed the 21 demands when China was winning. They did this movemen because they wanted a turning point for China, to start a new life. -
WARLORD ERA
This began when Yuan Shikai died, it was a period in the history of the Republic of China when control of the country was divided among former military cliques of the Beiyang Army and other regional factions. Warlords were making life impossible for people in China and war started to spread everywhere. -
THE CCP
The CCP was a political party from China that emerged from The May Fourth Movement, with students and intelectuals. Mao Zedong was the principal leader and they were against the Warlords They wanted a rebirth to China as a proud and Independent Nation. -
MASSACRE OF COMMUNIST IN CHINA
After the First United Front (GMD AND CCP ALLIANCE) ended with the Warlords the GMD decided that it was enough friendship and alliance with the Communists. Jiang Jieshi ordered the assesination of all the communists and he consolidated himself as the official government. -
Chiang's Encirclement Campaigns
These campaigns were five and were launched by forces of the GMD against forces of the Communist Party of China (CCP) German advisors were involved in tactics and strategies and although the GMD was determined to win every campaign they just won the fifth, but that still was devastating for the Communists. -
NEW LIFE MOVEMENT
Yiang Yieshi started his government in Ninjiang with the New Life Movement (his ideas) There were 4 points: Ritual, duty, honesty and sense of shame, but it all started to look fake because there were NO land reforms, Yiang only counted with the support from landlords and rich people, his government was seriously corrupt and he cooperated with organized crime. Nothing was changing for the vast mayority of Chinas population. -
LONG MARCH
The Long March began Mao Zedong's ascent to power. This was a military retreat in which Red Army of the CCP participated, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang (KMT or Chinese Nationalist Party) army. There was not one Long March, but a series of marches, as various Communist armies in the south escaped to the north and west. It was extremely difficult and a lot of people died.
