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October, 732 Charles Martel earned the nickname "The Hammer" for his brilliant strategery against the Muslim soldiers in this battle, emerging victorious with far less numbers and the absence of cavalry. This battle served as a turning point for the Christian religion, overcoming the booming Islamic conversion.
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The death of Charles "The Hammer" Martel, known for defending the Christian religion against the Muslims at the Battle of Tours, dies on Oct. 22, 741. His death leaves his son Pepin the Short to become King of the Franks and become the first of the Carolingian Dynasty, laying down the foundation for the Carolingian Empire.
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On Christmas Day in the year 800, Charlemagne walked into Old St. Peter's Basilica, where he was crowned "Emperor of Rome" by Pope Leo III. This was Pope Leo III's attempt at resuming the line of Roman Emperors, upsetting the emperor in the East. Charlemagne's biographer said that Charlemagne had no clue this crowning was to happen, but this is highly unlikely.
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Pepin the Short, son of Charles "The Hammmer" Martel, King of the Franks from 752 until his death in 768, left his empire to his two sons Carloman and Charlemagne. This led to the death of Carloman, leaving Charlemagne as the sole ruler of the Frankish Empire.
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Near the city of Verden, in 782, Charlemagne the Great, had 4,500 Saxon rebels executed for the refusal of Christian worship. They were beheaded for pagan worship and according to accounts of the massacre, the river ran red with blood for days following.
