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Emperor Constantine transferred the capital of the Roman Empire from Rome and called it "New Rome". It was later named Constantinope after him.
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A conflict over chariot racing led to outrage by the people. It was the most violet riot of Constantinople, burning half the city and killing tens of thousands of people.
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The Byzantine General Belisarius wanted to reconquer old Roman territory. He successfully invaded North Africa, Italy, and the Southern Iberian Peninsula, making the Byzantine empire the largest it had ever been.
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A Greek Orthodox Christian Church in Constantinople with a massive dome was finished under the rule of the Emperor Justinian. It was the largest cathedral in the world when it was built.
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The Persian and Byzantine militaries were tired from fighting each other, which made it easy for the Arab-Muslim raids on Constantinople to succeed. In this time, Muslim armies conquered many other places.
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The Emperor Basil II laid siege to the Bulgarian city of Sofia, and gradually conquered the entire area. This led to the Byzantine control of the Balkan Peninsula.
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Differences between eastern and western Christianity led to a formal rupture that caused the Byzantine Empire to want to split from the Pope. Western Christianty was now the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Christianity was called the Greek Orthodox Church.
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Emperor Alexios requests Pope Urban to give him people to help defeat the Seljuk Turks from Anatolia. Pope Urban agrees, sending his men to also regain the holy land that the Muslims conquered.
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After succeeding in an armed invasion to take Jerusalem away from the Muslims, Alexios IV asked the crusaders for help obtaining power in Constantinople, in exchange for money. When he couldn't give them the money, the crusaders attached Constantinople, destroying it.
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The Ottoman army, led by Mehmet II, attacks Constantinople, and after a two-month siege, it falls, and the Byzantine Empire is over. The area is now controlled by the Ottomans.
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