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The Land of Israel had become a predominantly Christian country. Churches were built on Christian holy sites in Jerusalem, Bethlehem and Galilee, and monasteries were established in many parts of the country. The Jews were deprived of their former relative autonomy, as well as of their right to hold public positions.
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5th century. Church calendar with the Christian year begins to be in place. Incense is first introduced into a Christian church service in the West.
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570 Muhammed is born. 610 Muhammad gets his first vision in a cave near Mecca and then starts preacing in Mecca.
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For the next 200 years, the country was dominated by the Crusaders. After the overthrow of the Crusaders by a Muslim army under Saladin (1187), the Jews were again accorded a certain measure of freedom, including the right to live in Jerusalem.
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The Muslim Mamelukes take Acre and end Christian rule in the East. The Crusade period is declared to be over by the Pope.
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The Ottoman Empire brought many people together so that different cultures would mix and share their qualities. This Empire reached and expanded very far so there were many different types of people associated in the Middle East.
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The Ottoman Empire took over Isreal and control the Israelites until 1917. The Land was divided into four districts and attached administratively to the province of Damascus and ruled from Istanbul.
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Protestant Missionaries came to Middle East to spread Christianity and Western Influence. When Missionaries come to places like the Middle East they set up more modern churches and introduce a new style of architecture and religion.
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M.E. went behind the west in tech. Industialization was slow to reaching the M.E. and it struggled getting there.
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French constructed the Suez Canal for more water access for trading purposes. This made the Europeans jealous so they came over to Egypt and took control. This control was more modern could be used as a reason of industrialization.
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The Algeciras Conference, organized with the help of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, prevents war between France and Germany over colonial rights in Morocco. Control of Morocco is granted to France and Spain.
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French colonial policy attempts to divide the Arab and Amazigh populations of French-controlled Morocco through the "Berber Dahir" ( Berber Decree ), which puts predominantly Amazigh regions under tribal law. The Moroccan people overwhelmingly reject the divisive decree and Moroccan nationalism gains momentum.
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Lebanon achieves independence from France. As with the constitution of 1926, a power-sharing agreement called the National Pact guarantees that the president will always be a Maronite Christian.
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Israel is invaded by five other Arab states. The Israel Defence Force (IDF) is established. The State of Israel is proclaimed.The war for Israel's independance starts then ends a year later.
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Second Vatican council. Major reforms in the Roman Catholic church are initiated. Mutual anathemas of 1054 between Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches lifted.
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National unity government (Llikud and Labor) formed after elections.
Operation Moses, immigration of Jews from Ethiopia. -
Israel celebrates its 50th anniversary. Israel and the PLO sign the Wye River Memorandum to facilitate implementation of the Interim Agreement.
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738 b.c.- Jews split into 2 kingdoms for 200 years (Israel North, Judah South). They were paying tribute to the Assyrian Empire. 586 b.c.- Jerusalem falls. For the next 300+ years Persians, Greeks, and Romans take over Palestine and the Jewish people.
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President Hafez al-Assad of Syria dies. The Ba'ath Party selects his son, Bashar, a London-trained ophthalmologist, to succeed him. The death of al-Assad is expected to bring about more political openness, but his son quickly assumes the tight control his father had exercised on the country.
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God choose Abraham to be "Father" of Hebrew people
1650 b.c.- Abraham's descendants moved to Egypt
1800 b.c.- Abraham went to Canaan -
1200-1300 b.c.- Hebrews Flee Egypt and Moses led them. Hebrews wander the desert for 40 years before reaching Canaan.
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1700 b.c. Afamine forces the israelites to move to Egypt where they are forced into bondage by the Egyptians.
13th century b.c. Moses leads the Israelites back to Israel after 40 years of wondering in the desert. -
7-2 b.c. Jesus is known to be born and creates Christianity. All people, Christian or not, celebrate the birth of Jesus every year as Christmas.
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A radical Muslim group claims responsibility for bombings in London. These bombings made people view Muslims badly as terrorists. These attacks killed 52 and wounded over 700 others.
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The Abassid Dynasty, the second major one of the Arab-Islamic empire, gains control and moves the capital to Baghdad. The Middle East enjoys a prosperous period of advances in science and technology.
