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Period: 1096 to 1291
Crusades are Fought
A religious war between the Christians and Muslims. Christians were fighting to reclaim their Holy Land. It was an unsuccessful crusades ,but it extended trade route. -
1300
Renaissance Begins
The Italian Renaissance was the birth. The Renaissance were like the rebirth. It was basically like the art period. -
1337
100 Year War Begins
It was a war fought between France and England.during the late Middle Ages. The war started when Charles IV of France died in 1328 without a son. The kings of England invaded France, trying to claim the throne. -
1347
Black Death Begins in Europe
The black death spread from rats who got fleas. It originated from the Mongols. The estimate is to have killed 30–60% of Europe's total population. -
Period: 1371 to 1433
Zheng He's Voyage
Zheng He was born on Ma He in 1371, He was captured and castrated by soldiers as a young boy. He was then forced to join the army, where he excelled and earned his name “Zheng.” In 1405, he traveled to Mozambique, Persian Gulf, all around the Indian Ocean, and the Spice Islands of Southeast Asia. He died of disease in 1433 during his last voyage. The people who were in the boat with him feared that the disease will spread, so they tossed his body overboard. -
May 30, 1431
Joan of Arc Burned at the Stake
Joan was wearing military clothes for males. She committed a crime for cross-dressing. She was executed by burning. -
1440
Johannes Gutenberg printing press
Johannes created a movable printing press. He printed 180 copies of the bible. The movable printing press was a secret. -
Period: 1441 to
Slave Trade
Slave trade involved transporting African people to the Americas mainly. The slave trade regularly used the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage. It existed from the 16th to the 19th centuries.The Portuguese were the first to engage in the Atlantic slave trade. England enslaved Africans to America since Native American's population decreases of lethal disease. -
May 29, 1453
Fall of Constantinople
The Ottoman army captured the capital of the Byzantine Empire.The attackers were commanded by Sultan Mehmed II who defeated an army commanded by Emperor Constantine XI Palaiologos. After the fall, the Ottoman army succeeds after taking over. -
Nov 1, 1478
Start of the Spanish Inquisition
The Spanish Inquisition served to unite power in the monarchy of the newly unified Spanish kingdom, but it achieved that end through brutal methods. The medieval played a considerable role in Christian Spain during the 13th century. They were to combat public heresy committed by baptized Christians. -
Period: Jun 28, 1491 to Jan 28, 1547
King Henry VIII Reign
Henry VIII is best known for having six wives. He wanted a son to take his place. He assumes that he was curse for not having a son. -
Period: 1492 to
Columbian Exchange
The widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas from Europe to America. This event may be the most important in modern history of the world. It was greatly affected in every society of the Earth. -
Aug 3, 1492
Christopher Columbus Lands on the New World
Columbus led his three ships which are the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria out of the Spanish port of Palos. His goal was to sail west until he reached Asia basically in the Indies where the riches of gold, pearls and spice are. He thought he landed on America but on reality, Columbus landed on an island in the Bahamas that he called San Salvador, but the natives called it Guanahani. -
1506
Mona Lisa Completed 1506
It is the most famous artwork from the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci. Leonardo da Vinci started painting Mona Lisa around 1506. He painted Francesco del Giocondo's wife. -
1512
Michelangelo begins painting the Sistine Chapel
Originally, the Sistine Chapel’s vaulted ceiling was painted blue and covered with golden stars. Pope Julius II hired Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the chapel, rather than leaving it appear as it had. Michelangelo painted The Sistine Chapel for 4 years. -
Aug 23, 1514
Battle of Chaldiran
The Ottomans won a victory over the Safavid of Iran and went on to gain control of eastern Anatolia. The battle signaled the start of a long war between the rival Muslim powers just to control Anatolia and Iraq. Ottomans took the Safavid capital at Tabriz, making the shahs to move their capital farther to the east. -
1517
Martin Luther post 95 Theses
Martin Luther nailed a copy of the 95 Theses on the door of the Wittenberg Castle church. He wrote the 95 Theses that the beliefs are attacking the church practice. It was the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Church. -
Period: Sep 30, 1520 to Sep 6, 1566
Sultan Suleyman Reign
He's known to be the "Lawgiver" and "Suleiman the Magnificent". Süleyman was the only son of Sultan Selim I. He became a governor of Kaffa during the reign of his grandfather and of Manisa in western Asia Minor in the reign of Selim I. Suleyman succeeded his father as sultan in September 1520 and began his reign with campaigns against the Christian powers in central Europe and the Mediterranean. He was the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. -
1521
Cortes Defeats Aztecs
A huge battle erupted between the army of Cortes and the Aztec people under the rule of Montezuma. Cortes challenged the native forces and entered Tenochtitlan, taking Montezuma hostage. The Spaniards were aided by diseases. The Europeans brought ailments that the Aztecs had no immunity to. -
1532
"The Prince"
It is a political treaties by the Italian diplomat and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli. It is sometimes claimed to be one of the first works of modern philosophy, especially modern political philosophy. It's basically supposed to be accepting the princes such as glory and survival. -
Nov 15, 1532
Pizarro Defeats Incas
Pizarro sailed down to Peru, landing at Tumbes and led his army up the Andes Mountains. He reached the Inca town of Cajamarca, where Atahuallpa was enjoying the hot springs in preparation for his march on Cuzco, the capital of his brother's kingdom. Atahuallpa dies by being strangled at the hands of Francisco Pizarro’s Spanish conquistadors. -
Period: 1545 to 1563
Counter Reformation
It is the history of Christianity, the Roman Catholic efforts directed in the 16th and early 17th centuries both against the Protestant Reformation and toward internal renewal. The goals were for the Catholic church to make reforms which included clarifying its teachings, correcting abuses and trying to win people back to Catholicism. Pope Paul III is considered the first pope of the Counter Reformation -
1555
Peace of Augsburg
A temporary settlements within the Holy Roman Empire of the religious conflict arising from the Reformation. Basically, each prince was to determine whether Lutheranism or Roman Catholicism was to prevail in his lands. It officially ended the religious struggle between the two groups and made the legal division of Christendom permanent within the Holy Roman Empire. -
Period: Nov 17, 1558 to
Queen Elizabeth's Reign
Elizabeth's reign begin at the age of 25, and declared her intentions to her Council and other peers who had come to Hatfield to swear allegiance.The speech contains the first record of her adoption of the medieval political theology of the sovereign's two bodies. Queen Elizabeth II became the longest-reigning British monarch for 65 years on the throne. -
Spanish Armada 1588
A Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from A Coruña in late May 1588, under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia, with the purpose of escorting an army from Flanders to invade England. It was defeated by the English fleet and almost completely destroyed by storms off the Hebrides. Philip II attempted to invade England, but his plans miscarried. -
Edict of Nantes
King Henry IV of France signed and granted the Calvinist Protestants of France substantial rights in the nation, which was still considered essentially Catholic at the time. French royal decree establishing toleration for Huguenots. It granted freedom of worship and legal equality for Huguenots within limits, and ended the Wars of Religion. -
Period: to
Era of the Samurai
Samurai are the warriors of pre-modern Japan. They later made up the ruling military class that eventually became the highest ranking social caste of the Edo Period. Samurai were supposed to lead their lives according to the ethic code of bushido. Many samurai were also drawn to the teachings and practices of Zen Buddhism. -
William Shakespear's Death
His death is a mystery, but in the diary of John Ward tells us that Shakespeare, Drayton, and Ben Jonson had a meeting and it seems they drank too much which Shakespeare died of a fever. There's a document which he begins by describing himself as being in "perfect health". There was one of from his fellow authors thinks it was a sudden death. -
Taj Mahai Completed
In 1631, Shah Jahan wanted a building in the memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal, who died giving birth to their 14th child. The construction started in 1631, and was completed in 1643. The surrounding buildings and garden were finished about five years later. -
Lord George McCartney Expelled
The Macartney Mission was the first British diplomatic mission to China. It is named for its leader, George Macartney, Great Britain's first envoy to China. Great Britain was trying to make the Chinese trust them to trade. The mission failed badly when attempting to win the trust of the Chinese authorities. -
Period: to
Opium War
The first opium war was fought over the opium trade, financial reparations, and diplomatic status. The second opium war was towards legalization of the opium trade, to expand coolie trade, open all of China to British merchants, and exempt foreign imports from internal transit duties.
