Block 10 World History Foster

Crusades are fought

Aug 26, 1096

Muslims and Christrians were fighting for the holy land. The European king gained power from them and they were introduced to new things. 1096-1291

Renaissance begins

Aug 28, 1300

City-states began to rise up which made for trading and lots of other things. The Black Death changed lots of things after it vanished.

100 Years War begins

Sep 12, 1337

War betweetn France and England. It was fought about land in France

The Black Death

Aug 26, 1347

A plague, known has the Black Death, swept through Europe beginning in 1347. Entire towns and villages were wiped out between 1347 and 1351.

Ming Dynasty in China

Sep 22, 1368

Taxes were reduced and reforms were passed to improve agriculture and trade, increasing stability and prosperity. Improved methods of irrigation increased farm production, and peasants produced huge crops of rice. 1368-1644
1368-1444

Voyages of Zheng He

Nov 13, 1405

Zheng He was placed as the admiral in control of the huge fleet and armed forces that undertook these expeditions. The initial voyages were launched as part of the emperor's attempt to capture his escaped predecessor, which would have made the first voyage the "largest-scale manhunt on water in the history of China." (1405-1433)

Joan of Arc

Sep 12, 1425

Was burned on the steak in 1431. Had visions from God about taking France back.

Johannes Gutenberg - Printing Press

Sep 2, 1450

With movable type, text could quickly be printed on both sides of a sheet of paper. Took papers from writing to typing.

Ottomans conquer Constantinople

Oct 10, 1453

Ottomans were amoung the first to use gunpowder weapons. It took the Ottomans almost two months to capture Constantionple. The leader of the Ottomans, Mehmed, rebuit the city as a Muslim city.

1st Voyage of Columbus

Sep 10, 1492

Columbus knew the Earth was round but not how large it was. They finally found land on October 12, that land being the Caribbean named San Salvador.

Copernicus publishes heliocentric theroy

Sep 4, 1497

The theroy was that the Earth orbited around the sun. Copernicus discovered this by observing the moon eclipse the sun.

Da Gama lands in India

Sep 22, 1497

The journey took 10 months to complete. Vasco da Gama stopped at several African ports where he learned that Muslim merchants were already actively involved in trade.

Safavid Empire

Nov 13, 1501

The Safavid Empire was one of the greatest ruling dynasties of Persia. The Safavid dynasty had its origin in the Safaviyya Sufi order, which was established in the city of Ardabil in the Azerbaijan region. The Safavid Empire established an efficient state and bureaucracy based upon "checks and balances", and their love for fine arts. (1501- 1722)

Naming of the "new World"

Nov 13, 1502

The naming of the new world happened after Columbus tavled there and back 3 times. It also happened when Magellan did the same. It got its name after explorers started making a map of the new world and discovered it was yet another contenit.

Michelangelo begins painting Sistine Chapel

Aug 28, 1508

Michelangleo is most famous for his painting on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. The ceiling showed scenes from the Old Testament of the Bible.

Da Vinci paints the "Mona Lisa"

Sep 4, 1517

The Mona Lisa tries to capture the complexity of the human spirit with its mysterious smile. This is one of 2 famous Da Vinici paintings.

Martin Luther posts 95 Theses

Sep 2, 1519

The Theses was not intended for common people of his parish, but for church leaders. Luther denied that indulgences had any power to remit sin.

Magellan starts his "around the world" trip

Sep 8, 1519

Magellan set sail with 5 ships and about 250 men. In early September of 1522, 18 survivors of the original 250, were left.

Mughal Empire begins

Oct 16, 1526

1526-1857 The empire spread over large parts of the Indian subcontinent. Mughal was built and raised to new heights of power and wealth The Taj Mahal was built out of Mughal architecture.

Pizzaro invades the Inca Empire

Sep 10, 1532

Pizzaro led an expedition to Peru. He had hear of Peru's wealth and hoped to conqure some for himself. Pizzaro demanded that Atahualpa accept Christianity and turn over the empire to Spain.

Henry VIII founds Anglican Church

Sep 24, 1534

After Henry's death, his daughter took over the church. Henry created the church so he could divorce his first wife.

Council of Trent

Oct 10, 1545

The delegates apart of the council addressed abuses that weakend the church over the past century. The Council rejected the Protestants' emphasis on self-discipline and individual faith. The pronouncements of the Council meant that there would be no compromise between Catholicism and Protestantism.

Elizabeth I becomes Queen of England

Sep 26, 1558

Elizabeth was not interested in sharing power with a King. Queen Elizabeth had a very strong personality that showed in her relationship with England's Parliament.

Philip II rules Spain

Sep 26, 1560

Spain reached the peak of its grandeur during Philips reign. Spains power grew considerably due to the gold and silver from the American colonies.

Slave trade across Atlantic

Sep 12, 1600

A shortage of labor in the Americas led to the beginning of the beginning of the Atlantic slave trade. European workers in the Americas needed large numbers of workers.

Age of Enlightenment

Nov 13, 1600

The Age of Enlightenment was a cultural movement of intellectuals beginning in late 17th-century. It emphasized reason and individualism rather than tradition. It spread across Europe and to the United States, continuing to the end of the 18th century. It promoted scientific thought, skepticism, and intellectual interchange. (1600- 1792)

Jamestown, colony in Virgina, founded

Oct 2, 1607

Was the first colony in America. The settlers of Jamestown were hoping to find gold and silver, and possibly a route to the Pacific. In 1620 a group of settlers, known as the Pilgrims, sailed from England to Jamestowm.

Louis XIV becomes King of France

Sep 30, 1643

Like his father he became king at a very young age. He was a different ruler than his father, he was supremely confident in his ability to rule. For the rest of his reign, Louis XIV retained absolute power.

Qing Dynasty in China Begins

Sep 24, 1644

China grew again, prosperous and expanded to its largest size in history. Was ruled with Manchu government structure and civil service examination system.

Oliver Cromwell rules England

Oct 2, 1649

Oliver was originally the leader of the Roundhead forces, being a member of Parliament, he was an army general. Oliver ruled for 11 years, and during this time Englands government changed completely. In 1653 Oliver was namd the Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

Thomas Hobbes writes Leviathan

Oct 2, 1661

Desribes humans as being naturally selfish and fearful. Argued that people needed an all-powerful monarch to tell them how to live. His view sparked controversy during a time when England was trying to find a balance between government by the peoples representation and the monarchy.

Peter I (the Great) becomes Czar

Sep 30, 1682

Known as Peter the Great for his effort to transform Russia into a modern state, Peter had the strength to regain absolute power for the Russian monarchy. Peter became Czar when he was a chile, at age 17 he removed the throne from his sister and took power for himself. Peter was said to be a very impressive man, tall, strong, and energetic.

Catherine the Great rules Russia

Sep 26, 1761

With the help of her allies. Catherine seized power from the new czar, making her the czarnia of Russia. Catherine began an ambitious plan of reforms, which was influenced by major European thinkers.

French Revolution begins

Oct 6, 1789

The French monarchy fueled anger throughout France, causing unsettlement between the government and society. Part of the Revolution was due to financial crisis, severe economic problems that affected much of the country. War broke out due to Louis ordering troops to Paris and Versailles.

U.S. Constitution is ratified

Oct 6, 1789

In 1787, delegates met at a Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia to revise the Articles. Instead they wrote a new constituion. The Constitution created a federal system of government. It created 3 branches of government, executive, judicial, and legislative.

Reign of Terror begins

Jun 1, 1793

Savage fighting spread across the region due, eventually the government regained control of the Vendeée, destroying everyone and everything possible. Back in Paris, the Mountain, the leaders fo the campaign to elimate any resistance to the Revolution, used the Revolutionary Tribunal to rid the country of dissent. The most commone death sentence during this time period was the Guillotine, due to it being a quick and easy death.

Reign of Terror

Nov 13, 1793

The Reign of Terror or The Terror was a period of violence that occurred after the onset of the French Revolution. It incited by conflict between rival political factions, the Girondins and the Jacobins, and marked by mass executions of "enemies of the revolution". The death toll ranged in the tens of thousands, with 16,594 executed by guillotine and another 25,000 in summary executions across France.

Napolean becomes Emperor

Oct 8, 1804

Napolean wanted to make his own power permanent and hereditary. Once Napolean became emperor of France, he moved to build an empire. He wanted to rule Europe and also extend his powers to the Americas. Napolean was not able to rule the Americas due to a failed expedition in Saint Domingue.

Napolean defeated @ Waterloo

Jun 18, 1815

50,000 men were lost between the two armies. Across Europe, Napolean's enemies gathered to fight him.

Tokugawa Shogunate ends

Oct 16, 1868

1603-1868 It was based upon strict class heierarchy. Taxes were set to an exact amount, so there was so inflation over time. Ended with the resignation of the 15th Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu.