Athens

By shaybay
  • Period: 743 BCE to 724 BCE

    First Messenian War

    • A war between Messenia and Sparta
    • The war continued the rivalry between the Achaeans and the Dorians that had been initiated by the Return of the Heracleidae
    • Both sides utilized an explosive incident to settle the rivalry by fll-scale war
    • 20 years; Spartan victory
    • Messenia was depopulated by emigration; those who did not emigrate and were captured were socially demoted to helots of the Spartan society
  • Period: 685 BCE to 668 BCE

    Second Messenian War

    • The war between the Ancient Greek states of Messenia and Sparta
    • Started around 40 years after the end of the First Messenian Wa with the uprising of a slave rebellion
  • 632 BCE

    Coup of Cylon

    • Cylon, an Athenian noble and previous victor of the Olympic Games, attempted a coup
    • he was eventually killed
  • 621 BCE

    Draco's Law

    • also called the Draconian Constitution
    • law code created by Draco in response to the unjust interpretation and modification of real law by Athenian aristocrats
  • 594 BCE

    Reforms of Solon

    • ended debt slavery --> all debts were cancelled, enslaved debtors were freed, and borrowing on the security of the person forbidden
    • strengthened Athenina economy by encouraging Attica's trade and industry
    • affected political structure: four classes based on census and wealth (privilege by birth eliminated) --> TIMOCRACY - form of government in which possession of property is required in order to hold office (essentially hierarchy based on wealth)
  • 547 BCE

    Pisistratus (tyrant)

    • Tyrant of ancient Athens whose unification of Attica and consolidation and repaid improvement of Athens' prosperity helped to make possible the city's later preeminence
    • was an exile in northern Greece by Lycurgus and Megacles
    • died at 527 BCE
  • 511 BCE

    Fall of Tyranny

    • Pisistratus sons: 1 died, 2 ostracized
  • 508 BCE

    Reform of Cleithenes (democracy)

    • he's pretty shitty but needs people's support, hence this reform
    • reforms the tribes, power sources of powerful families
    • end of stasis --> resulted in something positive and beneficial
  • Period: 499 BCE to 494 BCE

    Ionian Revolt

    • Military rebellions by several Greek regions (Ionian cities) of Asia Minor against Persian overlords
    • unsuccessful
    • initiated the Greco-Persian Wars --> resulted in stronger Athenian influence in Western Anatolia
  • 490 BCE

    Marathon

  • 480 BCE

    Salamis

    • a naval battle fought between an alliance of Greek city-states under Themistocles and the Persian Empire under King Xerxes
    • Greek victory
  • 479 BCE

    Spartans defeat Plataea

    • final land battle during the second Persian invasion of Greece; was fought between an alliance of the Greek city-states, and the Persian Empire of Xerxes I
    • end of Persian War
    • formation of the Delian League (Athenian Empire)