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On Nov. 29, 1947, the United Nations decides to partition Palestine into an Arab state and a Jewish state.when the British withdraw from the region. Jewish forces hold their ground and declare Israeli statehood .
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Israeli leadership grows increasingly weary of cross-border attacks from the Egyptian-controlled Gaza Strip as well as Egypt's attempts to block Israeli shipping in the Suez Canal and Gulf of Aqaba.
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Relations between Israel and its neighbours had never fully normalised following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. In reaction to the mobilisation of Egyptian forces along the Israeli border in the Sinai Peninsula, Israel launched a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields. this was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967 by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt, Jordan, and Syria.
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Arafat declares Palestinian statehood in November 1988 in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Many nations, including the Soviet Union and Egypt, respond with recognition of the Palestinian government, with Arafat as its leader. The United States refuses to recognize statehood but does open dialogue with Arafat.
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Palestinians remain frustrated by the lack of a final peace treaty. As tensions mount, Israel's Likud Party leader Ariel Sharon, a hard-line conservative, visits a disputed holy site in Jerusalem on Sept. 28, 2000, sparking demonstrations. Another uprising is launched, followed by months of violence
