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Settle Construction Begins
Settlements were made to act as security outposts and to prevent attacks on major population centers. Settlements were built on Jewish sites that had been destroyed by Arab forces during the 1948 War. In 1976 there were about 3,200 West Bank settlers. Protecting settlements is a drain for the Israeli military and they make travel for Palestinians in the West Bank more difficult. The future of the settlements is one of the issues and the Palestinian Authority must negotiate. -
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Attrition Battles between Wars
The Israels let all religions have access to their holy sited in Jerusalem. Arab nations met in Sudan in 1967 and stated they wouldn't make peace and wouldn't even negotiate with the Israels. Egypt began to attack the Israeli positions then Anwar Sadat came to power in 1970. The PLO attacked the Israel military. The Jordanian army attacked which is known as "Black September" The Fighting continued until June of 1971 when Jordan succeeded in evicting the PLO from the country. -
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The October War
In 1973, Egypt and Syria attacked Israel on Yom Kippur, the holiest day of Jewish year. After initial Arab military successes, the Israelis managed to push back the attack. The U.S. convinced Israel to withdraw from the territories it had entered. To the Israelis 1973 War was a strategic importance of the buffer zone gained in 1967. The Israelis felt that the heartland could have been overrun without the time it took for the invading forces to move through the West Bank. -
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Egypt and Israel Sign a Peace Agreement
In 1979, because of intense diplomatic effects by the U.S. the year before, Egypt became the first Arab country to recognize Israel and to enter into a peace treaty. Egypt's President, Anwar Sadat, realized that continuing a state war with Israel was harming the Egyptian economy and the well-being of his people. Israel returned to Egypt all of the Sinai that had been captured during the 1967 war and removed Jewish families from the homes that had established there called "land for peace policy. -
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The 1982 Lebanon War
In 1982, PLO units in southern Lebanon attacked communities in northern Israel. Then Israel had an attack on PLO militants stationed in Lebanon this is known as the 1982 Lebanon War. Troops advanced as far as Beirut and succeeded in expelling the PLO leadership from Lebanon to Tunisia. This drew Israel into increasing complicated Lebanese civil war and generated domestic and international opposition to it's involvement in Lebanon. Israel withdrew from most of Lebanon. They withdrew in June 1985. -
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The First Intifada
In 1987, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and West Bank were in an uprising, against Israel control of these territories. Palestinians attacked Israelis with weapons and firearms supplied by the PLO, which organised much of the uprising. Suicide attacks against civilians in Israel began. Israel used military to contain violence. Some lives were lost to the harsh attacks. About equal # of Palestinians were killed in Palestinian in-fighting. This continued until the Oslo Accords in 1993 were signed. -
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The Oslo Accords
Were a set of agreements that began in 1993 when Israel and the PLO signed a DOP. Which led to the Palestinian Authority, which had administering for the territory under its control. The Israel gradually withdraw it military presence from Graza Strop and a small area around Jericho. Left Israel the right to defend itself and its citizens. The Oslo Accords were intended to be an interim agreement that would lead to a permanent settlement with Israel giving up land in return for peace and security -
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Israel and Jordan Sign a Peace Agreement
As with the 1979 peace treaty between Egypt and Israel, the U.S. led a difficult but successful diplomatic process to help Jordan and Israel achieve peace. In 1994, Jordan became the second Arab country to recognize Israel. Trade, business relations, tourism, cultural exchanges, and scientific cooperation between the two nations have increased since the agreement was signed, but at a slower pace than hoped for initially. -
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The Camp David Summit
Bill Clinton brought Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian President Yasser Arafat to Camp David in July 2000. It was the first major attempt to negotiate a comprehensive final status agreement between Israel and Palestinian. They were in secret, the Arafat's refused to compromise. Barak made major concessions, including withdrawing from vast majority of the West Bank to create an independent Palestinian state with a capital in East Jerusalem. Arafat didn't feel the offer was enough. -
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The Second Intifada
Israel General Ariel Sharon visited the Jewish Temple Mount, a site revered by Jews that is also of a major importance to Muslims. There was widespread frustration at the lack of progress in the peace process. This visit began the Second Intifada, known to Palestinian as the Alaqsa Intifada, named for the Al-Aqsa Mosque which is on the Temple Mount. Israel military returned to major population centers in the territories. The failed peace process has been miserable for both people. -
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The Arab Peace Initiative is Proposed
The Beirut Summit of the Arab League, crown prince Abdullah of Saudi Arabia proposed a peace initiative that was endorsed by all members of the Arab League. Proposed peace for Israeli withdrawal from all territories captured in the 1967 War The Arab League endored the proposal again at the Riyadh Summit in 2007. Has accepted the proposal but not all the demands. -
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Israel Begins Constructing the West Bank Barrier
Israel decided to build a security barrier that would separate its citizens from terrorist groups in the West Bank. The new fence was similar to the security fence Israel built in 1996 that separated the Gaza Strip from Israel. Both fences coming from the Gaza Strip and West Bank. The wall is in a areas near urban centers, has been criticized for divided some Palestinians from their land and places of work or study and requiring these individuals to wait to pass through security checkpoints. -
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The Roadmap for Peace is Proposed
Is a plan for peace that was proposed in 2003 by the "Quartet" the United States, Russia, the European Union, and the United Nations. It involves reciprocal steps by the Israelis and Palestinian with the ultimate goal of an independent Palestinian state and a secure Israel. The Roadmap only progressed through the first. Finished by 2006. Negotiations between Israel and the Palestinian Authority became possible again when the Palestinian President dissolved the government controlled by Hamos. -
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Disengagement From Gaza
Prime Minister Ariel Sharon moved ahead with the policy of "Disengagement", or the physical separation of Israel from Palestinian territories. He determined that Israel should withdraw from the Gaza Strip. This was very controversial because they didn't wanna move from there. The Israel decided to leave the territory and they can govern themselves. Since Israel withdrew from Gaza, the number of rockets fired by terrorists from Gaza into Israel has increased dramatically. -
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Hamas is Elected
Palestinians elected a majority of Hamas members to the Palestinians Authority's Legislature over the PLO's Fatah party that had been in power. People have speculated that Hamas won the elections because many Palestinians saw the previous government as corrupt. Hamas calls for the destruction of Israel and for the killing of Jews. It does not accept previous Palestinian-Israeli agreement. The group has claimed responsibility for hundred of terrorist attacks. Imposed sanctions and suspended aid. -
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The Battle of Gaza
There had been tension and conflict between Hamas and PLO Fatah since Hamas won the Palestinian election in January of 2006. In June 2007,Hamas militants attacked Fatah members throughout Gaza. The Palestinian Authority president, Mahmoud Abbas,dissolved the Hamas government. There are in effect two Palestinian governments; Hamas controls Gaza and the Palestinian Authority controls the West Bank. Western sanctions to the Palestinian Authority were lifted after the Hamas government was dissolved. -
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The 2006 Lebanon War
Hezbollah crossed the Lebanon- Israel border and attacked an Israeli army unit, killing eight soldiers and kidnapping two more who were later murdered. Israel launched air strikes on suspected Hezbollah military target, particularly rocket launchers, and mounted a ground offensive. This is known as the 2006 Lebanon War. Hezbollah used a human shield strategy by embedding its fighters and rocket launchers in civilian neighborhood and homes.Israel also damaged Lebanon transportation. -
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That Gaza War
Between December 27, 2008 and January 18, 2009, Israel attacked Hamas targets in Gaza in an attempt to stop rocket attacks on southern Israel and to disrupt terrorist in infrastructure and weapons smuggling. Hundred of militants were killed. But because Hamas was based in and launched attacks from urban areas, there were also much civilian casualties and Gaza's buildings and economy were heavily damaged. -
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Gaza Flotilla Incident
Israel and Egypt began a blockage of Gaza. They required all goods to be inspected before entering Gaza to prevent Hamas from smuggling weapons. A UN investigative committee has ruled it legal. In May 2010, 6 ships set sail to break to blockade. Israeli commanded boarded the ships and directed it to Ashdod along with the other 5 ships. The cargo was subsequently inspected and permitted goods were shipped into Gaza. This caused Israel and Turkey to no longer be allies. -
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The Arab Spring
Beginning in Tunisia on December 18,2010,citizens in Arab stated began to protest against autocratic and oppressive governments. Protests spread from Tunisia across the Arab world. The Tunisian president left the country on January 14,2011. The Egyptian President resigned on February 11. Protests have also occurred in Algeria,Bahrain,Jordan and other countries. The long-term impact of the ongoing changes in Arab nations on the Arab-Israeli conflict and peace process is not yet clear