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Monks lived in monosteries that were farther away from the villiges because they believed in giving up earthly desires to focus on God. They also thought education was super important and they kept it alive in the MIddle Ages
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Vernacular were writings of the regular language. Example could be books or writings.
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The Pope was the head of the Cotholic Church. He also brought religion into politics.
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Charles the Hammer extended the frankish kingdom, spread Cotholicism, and stopped the muslim invasion into Spain. This happened in the Battle of the Tours.
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Pepin the Short fought Lombards who invaded Italy and threatened Rome and because of ths, the Pope annointed Pepin "king by grace of God". Since he was annointed KIng, he had great power and everyone had to follow him. What the King said, happened no matter what.
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The battle of Hastings was between Duke of Normandy and King Herold. Duke of Noermandy won.
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Pope Gregory Vll was the first to ban lay investiture. He did this because he and others felt that bishops should not be under the power of any king.
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The 1st Crusade captured Jerusalem. When they did, they killed 400,000 Jews and Muslims.
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The battle of legnano was between Frederick Barbarossa and the Lombard League. After being cut off by the Lombards, aven with rienforcements, Frderick lost after the survivors of his army fleed, frderick appearing to be dead. When he returned later his cause was lost and they made the Treaty of Venice.
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The Magna Carta is like the Declaration of Independance. It was during the feudal system and it gave many people rights and laws they had to obey, but it also gave them freedom.
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The Parliament was formed when the Magna Carta was also inplemented. It was a way to establish authority.
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The Great Schism was a split within the Roman Catholic Churh. Two men claimed to be the Pope.
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Joan of Arc was acptured by the English and trialed by the English. She was trialed for being a heretic and was burned at the stake. She was questioned about the voice she heard and other things.
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The Franks were originally germanic tribes that took over Roman land. They created many systems like fuedilism and their disruption created a loss of language which disrupted trade. France cam from the Franks. They also had Cotholic Churches like in the Roman Empire.
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Clovis was the first leader of the franks and he was also the first to bring Christianity. Clovis united the Franks.
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Charlemagne was crowned Pop after defending the church. The Pope was very close to the empire.
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