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Period: 4500 BCE to 5400 BCE
Development of The First City
The concept of the city, first manifested in the construction of Eridu, did not remain bound by that area for long. Urbanization spread across the region of Sumer rapidly beginning in c. 4500 BCE with the rise of the city of Uruk, today considered the world’s first city. It may well be that Eridu is in fact the world’s first city, as the Sumerian myths maintain, but Eridu was founded c. 5400 BCE, -
Period: 2220 BCE to 2334 BCE
The Conquer of The First Empire
King Sargon of Akkad starts conquering the first empire in the whole world history.Sumerian king whose adventures were recorded in cuneiform. The Akkadian armies conquered one city-state after another and overthrew many kings. Sargon united all of the city-states of Mesopotamia under his rule to form the world's first empire. -
Period: 1750 BCE to 1810 BCE
King Hammurabi of Babylon's Conquer
He conquered a large empire.Hammurabi is best known for having issued the Code of Hammurabi, which he claimed to have received from Shamash, the Babylonian god of justice. Unlike earlier Sumerian law codes, such as the Code of Ur-Nammu, which had focused on compensating the victim of the crime, the Law of Hammurabi was one of the first law codes to place greater emphasis on the physical punishment of the perpetrator. -
Period: 1155 BCE to 1595 BCE
The Conquer by Kassites
It is thought that the Kassites originated as tribal groups in the Zagros Mountains to the north-east of Babylonia. Their leaders came to power in Babylon following the collapse of the ruling dynasty of the Old Babylonian Period in 1595 BC. The Kassites retained power for about four hundred years -
Period: 575 BCE to
Construction of Ishtar Gate
King Nebuchadnezzar II ordered the construction of the gate and dedicated it to the Babylonian goddess Ishtar. The gate was constructed using glazed brick with alternating rows of bas-relief mušḫuššu (dragons), aurochs (bulls), and lions, symbolizing the gods Marduk, Adad, and Ishtar respectively. -
Period: 562 BCE to 605 BCE
Nebuchadnezzar ruled the city of Babylon
Nebuchadnezzar is known as the greatest king of the Chaldean dynasty of Babylonia. He conquered Syria and Palestine and made Babylon a splendid city. He destroyed the Temple of Jerusalem and initiated the Babylonian Captivity of the Jewish population. -
Period: to 3200 BCE
Writing and Pictograms
An important feature of this civilization is that it was one of the four places where writing was invented. The Mesopotamian language was known as Sumerian and the script was called cuneiform.