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-His parents died when he was very young.
-He took Muhamad on trading journeys..
-In 622 Muhamad fled to the city of Medin
-The teachings of Muhamad were collected in the Koran, the holy book for Muslims. -
-The arabian peninsula is predominatly desert
- In the 6th century most of inhabitanslive in travelling groups called caravans
-Mecca, the birthplace of Muhamad -It was crossroad for caravans and and was goberned by a council of powerful merchant family, including Muhamad´s family. -
By the time Muhammad died in 632, most of the Arabian peninsula had converted to islam.
They also conquered the Berber tribes in North Africa, took over most of the Iberian Peninsula(718) -
The first four caliphs, who ruled between 632 and 661, were chosen from Muhammad´s family.
The Umayyad dynasty from Syria seized power(661-750)
The Abbasid dynasty defeated the Umayyads and took over the Caliphate(750-1258) -
The impoverishment of the economy had made the population unhappy -
With less than 25 000 men,the muslim armies under de control og Tariq and Musa occupied the entire southerm Peninsula and Toledo -
After the military conquest, Al-Andalus became a province or emirate that was dependent on the Umayyad Caliphate of Damascus -
In 750, the caliph in Damascuss were overthrow by Abbasids of Baghad. -
The Emirate of Córdoba faced numerous problems: internal rebellions, attacks by the Christian kingdoms(Leon,Navarre and Castile) and threats to maritime tradefrom North Africa -
The caliphate began to break up.Al-Andalus was divided into more than 25 independent kingdoms called taifas -
Arabic became the official languaje of the islamic empire.Although other religios tolerated -
The only territory that survived the Christian advance of the 13th century was the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada