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Steam Engine
Primitive engines were developed during the 17th century, but the efficiency of those was dramatically augmented by James Watt's invention of the separate condenser, patented in 1769. By the end of the century, nearly one-fifth of Britain's mechanical production was powered by steam. -
French Revolution
The French Revolution from 1789 to 1799 was a major European historical turning point that transformed France from a monarchy to a republic. This social, political, economic, and legal upheaval began modestly and was meant to limit royal absolutism. -
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The Baller Age
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Haitian Revolution
The Haitian Revolution was a period of brutal conflict in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, leading to the elimination of slavery and the establishment of Haiti as the first republic ruled by people of African ancestry -
Independence of Mexico
The Mexican War of Independence was an armed conflict between the people of Mexico and the Spanish colonial authorities. The movement ,which became known as the Mexican War of Independence, was led by Mexican-born Spaniards, who sought independence from Spain. -
Congress of Vienna
Delegates assemble at the Congress of Vienna, held September 1814 to June 1815 to restore the balance of power in Europe after the fall of French emperor Napoleon I. The four great powers of Russia, Prussia, Austria, and the United Kingdom redrew the boundaries of Europe, and recognized the perpetual neutrality of Switzerland. -
Opium War
The Opium War erupted due to not only a clash of cultures but also the flagrant disregard for the opium restrictions imposed by the imperial Chinese government. In addition to perceived unfair trade restrictions, there were issues concerning who had jurisdiction over crimes committed by foreigners on Chinese soil. The Chinese demanded that foreign transgressors be turned over to the Chinese courts, but the British believed the Chinese legal system to be barbaric and refused to do so. -
Communist Manifesto
the Communist Manifesto served as a call to arms for thousands of political dissidents beginning in the middle of the 19th century and formed the basis for communist political thought that became so pervasive in the 20th century -
Matt Perry Goes to Japan
Matthew Perry got the position to lead the expedition in 1851 after Commodore Aulick was relieved of the command of the Japan fleet. Commodore Perry would not let any diplomats go along on the expedition for he feared that they would ruin the expedition. Commodore Aulick (his predecessor) demanded that the Japan fleet have at least three first class steamships and a sloop of war -
Sepoy Mutiny
The sepoys, who were Indians trained by the British as soldiers, heard rumors that the cartridges for their new Enfield rifles were greased with lard and beef fat. Since the cow is sacred to Hindus, and the pig is abhorrent to Muslims, all the sepoys were outraged, and they mutinied. Although initially the mutiny was spontaneous, it quickly became more organized and the sepoys even took over the cities of Delhi and Kanpur. -
Unification of Germany
German unification was the culmination of decades of work by the Prussians to bring all of the various German electorates, principalities, and duchies under their control, under the auspices of Prussia's premier statesman Otto von Bismarck, who became Germany's first chancellor. -
Zulu Uprising
The Anglo-Zulu War was fought in 1879 between the British Empire and the Zulu Kingdom. From complex beginnings, the war is notable for several particularly bloody battles, as well as for being a landmark in the timeline of colonialism in the region. The war ended the Zulu nation's independence. -
Berlin Conference
The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 resulted in the division of the African continent among European imperialist powers. The conference, which was dominated by France, Germany, Great Britain, and Portugal, remapped the continent without consideration of established indigenous cultural and linguistic borders, which created a legacy of strife and political fragmentation that can still be seen today. -
Russo-Japanese War
In the 1890s, Russia and Japan found themselves in competition over territorial ambitions in northern China, and mounting tensions ultimately resulted in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905.The Japanese government formally declared war on February 10, 1904. With the majority of Russian ships in the Far East hemmed in at Port Arthur, the Japanese began landing troops on the Korean Peninsula in March. After overrunning the entire peninsula, those forces broke through the Russian defensive lines al -
Dr. Sun Yat-Sen takes over china
For over twenty years he struggled to bring a nationalist and democratic revolution to China and when he finally triumphed with the establishment of the Chinese Republic in 1912 with him as president, he had it cruelly snatched from him by the dictatorial and ambitious Yüan Shih-kai. He is known as the Father of the revolution.
