-
Jun 30, 1452
The first book was published using the new printing press technology
Johannes Gutenberg published the Gutenberg Bible, using a new printing press technology. This eventually revolutionized European literacy, because once the printing press was used more copies were given spread, and the books were cheaper so Calvinism started to spread -
Jun 30, 1487
Bartholomew round trip of Africa (covers cape of good hope)
Bartholomeu Dias is best known for his round trip to Africa, covering the Cape of Good Hope. This is significant because he was the first won to find out that there was an end to Africa. -
Oct 12, 1492
Christopher Columbus discovers the Caribbean Islands
Christopher Columbus was the first to discover the Caribbean islands. This sparked the whole age of exploration because everyone who took part in exploring the new world would not have done so without knowing for sure that there are new land west. -
Jun 7, 1494
Signed Treaty of Tordesillas
The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the Americas between the Portuguese Empire and the Spanish Empire, also known as the Line of Demarcation. The line of demarcation was declared by the Pope. This was a line about straight down the middle of brazil and continuing up. To the left of this line was Spain’s land and to the right of these lands are Portugals. The Treaty of Tordesillas was important because it cleared up the confusion on the newly claimed land in the New World. -
Sep 1, 1494
The Medici family was overthrown
This was significant because after florentines started to follow Savonarola instead of The Medici family, Savonarola started to put restrictions on gambling, horseracing, swearing, painting, music, and books; therefore, the florentines accused Savonarola of heresy started to follow The Medici family again. -
May 20, 1498
Vasco de Gama reaches India
Vasco da Gama was best known for being the first to sail from Europe to India by rounding Africa's Cape of Good Hope. This was significant because if you got spices from the source, the spice islands, you can make a huge amount of profit as compared to buying it from people and selling it for little profit. -
Nov 11, 1500
Pedro Cabral sets sail
Pedro Cabral's original plan was to set sail to go west of the South Atlantic Ocean to be taken by the current and brought to the cape of good hopes. Instead, he ran into Brazil’s tip. Then he continued his mission by setting sail to India and taking a few stops in Africa. He finishes his long journey by sailing back to Europe. This was significant because he Led the first expedition to have touched 4 continents: Africa, India, Africa, and Europe. -
Sep 3, 1503
Leonardo da Vinci began painting the Mona Lisa
The Mona Lisa is a portrait painting by Leonardo da Vinci. The Monalisa shows realism through light and shading, secularism, and perspective. This is considered the best know masterpiece of the Italian Renaissance. -
Period: Jun 6, 1516 to Jun 6, 1556
Charles I reigning of Spain
King Charles, I of Spain was the ruler of many of the seven territories. During his reign of Spain, Charles I was trying to deal with balancing his huge territory, the new protestant religions starting in his country even though he was strictly Catholic, and keeping the Muslim, Ottoman Empire out of his territory. Finally, Charles abdicates from the thrown and divides his territory between his son, Phillip II, and his brother, Ferdinand Magellan. -
Oct 31, 1517
Marin Luther presents 95 theses
The 95 thesis was a list of reasons proposed by Martin Luther in Germany based on why catholicism went wrong written. The 95 theses caused some people to switch from catholicism to the new religion, Lutheranism. -
Apr 17, 1521
The Diet of Worms
The Diest of Worms was an assembly between the holy empire held at worms, Germany. This was made famous by Martin Luther's appearance before it to respond to charges of heresy. -
Dec 23, 1521
Hernan Cortes conquers the Aztec territory
The Spanish Explorer Hernan Cortes conquered the Aztec territory. This completely wiped out the whole tribe and provided resources for Spain like gold and more. -
Sep 11, 1522
Magellan set sail
This was the first expedition to circumnavigate the world, but the leader Magellan died through the expedition. This is significant because this shows people that you could sail west of Europe and eventually end up east of Europe. This also showed Spain that you could get to the spice island and/or India but still follow the line of demarcation -
Jan 1, 1527
The End of the Renaissance
The Renaissance was a time period of which marked the moment of "rebirth" in Europe. At this time, Europeans excelled in art, architecture, reading, writing, and more, but as territories started to get into more wars with each other, it was difficult to advance much when they were living in an unstable and destructive environment. This was significant because it was the end of most modern progress. -
May 23, 1530
The annulment of Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
When Henry VIII was married to Catherine of Aragon, she gave birth to a girl named Mary, but Henry was not pleased. He wanted a boy which he then believed that Catherine could not provide; therefore he wanted to get a divorce but the church did not allow this. So he then started a completely new church, Anglicanism, with the help of Thomas Cramer. Anglicanism would allow annulment. -
Nov 11, 1534
Jacques Cartier was authorized to set sail to the new world
In 1534, King Francis I of France granted the navigator Jacques Cartier permission to lead an expedition to the New World in search of gold and other luxuries, as well as a new route to Asia. This was significant because he laid the basis for later French claims to North America. -
Sep 25, 1555
Peace of Augsburg.
The Peace of Augsburg was the first permanent legal basis for the coexistence of Lutheranism and Catholicism in Germany. One of the first examples of religious tolerance after the reformation. -
Period: Jun 6, 1556 to
Philip II reigning of Spain
Philip II was a ruler of Spain. During his sovereignty, he had increasing animosity towards England because of the difference in religion, the marriage rejection from Elizabeth I, and England sent troops to help the Dutch fight against Spain, which the Dutch and Spain were both ruled by Philip. -
Period: Jul 1, 1558 to Nov 17, 1556
Bloody mary’s reign
Mary was the first queen of England. She was catholic and England was protestant from when her father, King Henery VIII, converted from catholicism to his own Anglican religion. During Mary's five-year reign, around 280 Protestants were burned at the stake for refusing to convert to Catholicism, and a further 800 fled the country. She then was given the name Bloody Mary. Mary created most of this violence out of spite towards her father for leaving her mother, Catherine, and not wanting Mary. -
Jul 8, 1566
Philip sends troops to crush the Netherland rebellion
The super devoted king, Philip II, tried to take complete control over the Netherland by flushing out any people that were not catholic which lead to resentment and opposition from the nobles of the Netherlands. Then in 1566, Philip sends many troops to crush the Netherlands rebellion. This dragged on until 1609 when a 12-year truce finally ended the war. -
English defeats the Spanish armada the second time
The Spanish Armada was destroyed twice by the English navy. They were first destroyed by Francis Drake in Spain's harbor, so Spain had to build a new Armada. This armada cut off their anchors and set sail north then around the united kingdom and Ireland after England was destroying them. After this large defeat by the English twice, Spain lost a lot of money, resources, lives, and the title of the strongest navy. -
Period: to
The Dutch East India company start to end
The Dutch East India Company is a company based on trade between mostly the dutch, India, and the spice islands. This was significant because it is to this day still the largest recorded company. -
30-year war beginning
This was a series of wars between various Protestant and Catholic states. It was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, resulting in millions of casualties. -
The colonization of America (mayflower)
The Mayflower was the ship that took pilgrims from Europe to colonize America. This was significant because this was Europe's first colonization trip to the Americas. -
Ratification of the Petition of Right
This was the petition addressed to King Charles I by the English Parliament, protesting about a series of violations of the law. The petition requested that four principles be recognized. This event was significant because once King Charles I ratified the petition, he continued to govern England the same with no adjustments to the Petition of right. This later became a factor in the English Civil war. -
English Civil War start to the battle
This was a civil war between parliament, the roundheads, and royalists, the cavaliers. This is significant because the roundheads actually won with Oliver Cromwell against the royalists and the king. -
Period: to
Louis XIV(14th) reigning
During King Louis XIV’s reign, he traded status privilege and tax exemptions to the nobles in return for power, obedience from the nobles, and their military. From this, Louis eventually received most of the assets from the nobles. Then he created a huge army in the collection of all the soldiers, weaponry, money, and resources. This led King Louis XIV to be one of the largest symbols of absolutism during this time. He also holds the longest-reigning record of France with 72 years. -
Period: to
Commonwealth ruling
This was a time where the commonwealth, the roundheads, made a lot of changes to the government. They got rid of the house of lords in parliament, made Calvinism the state religion, and changed the monarch to a republic but it was more of a dictatorship -
England’s House of Parliament enacts the Bill of Rights
The English Bill of Rights was signed into law by William III and Mary II. The bill specified certain constitutional and civil rights and, in the end, granted Parliament control over the king. This was the primary law that set the stage for a constitutional monarchy in England to this day. -
Exile of James II
James II was exiled from England because he was catholic and England was protestant. The significance of this was that England was ruled by a king with the opposite religion and that he was exiled to be replaced by William and Mary of the Netherlands willingly.