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Napoleon was born in Corsica.
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Slow downed in manufacturing which led to food shortages, rising prices for food, and unemployment.
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Louis XVI called a meeting of the Estates General at Versailles.
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The Third Estate boldly declared that is was the National Assembly and would draft a constitution.
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They then moved to a nearby indoor tennis
court and swore that they would continue meeting until they had a new constitution. -
900 Parisians gathered in the courtyard of Bastille and fought to get prisoners released. The rebels won the battle.
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The National Assembly decided to abolish all
legal privileges of the nobles and clergy. -
The National Assembly adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen.
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Women said they saw protesters and said they told him their children were starving. These women forced Louis to accept the
new decrees. -
The King, Queen, and their son became virtual prisoners in Paris.
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The new Constitution of 1791 set up a limited monarchy. There was still a king, but a Legislative Assembly would make the laws.
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the royal family attempted to flee France in disguise.
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the new Legislative Assembly met for the first time and amended the constitution to allow for trying the king if he turned against the nation.
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The Legislative Assembly decided to strike first, declaring war on Austria in the spring of 1792. The French fared badly in the initial fighting.
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Angry citizens demonstrated to protest food shortages and defeats in the war council and an organized a mob attack on the royal
palace and Legislative Assembly. -
Georges Danton led the sans-culottes to attack the palace after the chaotic year of Louis XVI
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Jean Paul Marat became leader after rumors spread that imprisoned nobles and other traitors were conspiring to defeat the revolution. This started violence and left many dead.
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The newly elected National Convention began meeting and became a ruling body for France. They drafted a new constitution.
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Napoleon becomes captain of the military.
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The National Convention abolished the French monarchy and established the French Republic.
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Years would no longer be numbered from the
birth of Christ but from September 22,
1792 because it is the first day of the French Republic
and the autumnal equinox. -
Two women founded this. They pursed a a policy of
de-Christianization. -
A public ceremony dedicated to the worship of reason was held in the former cathedral.
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Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Britain, and the Dutch Republic took up arms against France.
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To defend France from domestic threats, the Committee
adopted policies that became known as the Reign of Terror. -
The Mountain convinced the Convention to pass a decree condemning Louis XVI to death. He was executed with a guillotine.
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the new French government had raised a huge army and by September 1794, it had over a million soldiers. It was the largest army Europe had seen.
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The French had largely defeated their foreign foes.
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The Reign of Terror halted after Robespierre was guillotined. The Law of 22 Prairial was repealed and the release of prisoners began.
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Deputies in the National Convention feared Robespierre,and they voted to kill him. He was then Guillotined.
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This Constitution set up set up two legislative houses,
lower house, the Council of 500, and drafted laws. An upper
house of 250, the Council of Elders who accepted or rejected
proposed laws. -
Is know for corruption. The Council of Elders chose the Directors from a list presented by the Council of
500. -
There Napoleon won a series of battles with qualities he became famous for speed, surprise, and decisive action.
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He was given command of an army in training to invade Britain, but he knew the French could not carry out that invasion.
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Napoleon Bonaparte toppled the Directory in a coup d’état. He then took power.
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the British had defeated the French naval forces supporting Napoleon’s army in Egypt. Seeing certain defeat, Napoleon
abandoned his army and returned to Paris. -
In Paris, Napoleon took part in the coup d’état of 1799 that overthrew the Directory and set up a new government, the consulate.
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France was at war with a European coalition of Russia, Great Britain, and Austria. Napoleon realized the need for a pause in the war.
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Napoleon was ruler during this time.
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He appointed officials, controlled the army, conducted foreign affairs, and influenced the legislature.
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A peace treaty was signed, but it did not last long.
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War with Britain broke out again. Gradually, Britain was joined by Austria, Russia, Sweden, and Prussia.
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It preserved many of the principles that the revolutionaries had fought for: equality of all citizens before the law; the right of the
individual to choose a profession; religious toleration; and the abolition of serfdom and all feudal obligations.This code was a step back for women -
The British defeated the combined French-Spanish fleet at Trafalgar. This battle ended Napoleon’s plans for invasion.
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In a series of battles at Ulm, Austerlitz, Jena, and Eylau
from 1805 to 1807, Napoleon’s Grand Army defeated the Austrian, Prussian, and Russian armies. -
His Grand Empire was composed of three major parts: the French
Empire, dependent states, and allied states. -
Furthermore, new markets in the Middle East and in Latin America gave Britain new outlets for its goods. Indeed, by 1810, British overseas exports were at near-record highs.
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The Russian forces, however, refused to do battle. Instead they retreated for hundreds of
miles. -
Napoleon’s downfall began when he decided to invade Russia. Within only a few years, his fall was complete.
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Fewer than 40,000 of the original 600,000 soldiers arrived back in Poland
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This military disaster led other European states to rise up and attack the crippled French army.
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Russia, Great Britain, Austria, and Prussia responded to
Napoleon’s return. They again pledged to defeat the man
they called the “Enemy and Disturber of the Tranquility of
the World.” -
Napoleon met a combined British and Prussian army under the Duke of Wellington and suffered a bloody defeat.
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Napoleon remained in exile until his death in 1821, but his memory haunted French political life for many decades.
