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Period: Jul 29, 1299 to
Ottoman Dynasty
Longest rulers of the Ottoman Empire -
Period: Feb 10, 1340 to
Songhay Empire
Located in Western Africa, this empire was first ruled by the Muslim emperor Sunni Ali. A military Strategist, Ali conquered surrounding nations to expand the Songhay Empire. -
Period: Feb 10, 1394 to Feb 10, 1460
Prince Henry the Navigator
He created a navigation school to train sailors in new methods of navigation. Promoted voyages of exploration along West African coast to: promote gold and slave trade, discover new trade routes, gain intelligence on Muslim power, convert people to Christianity, and make alliances with any Christian rulers. Largely responsible for the development of European exploration. -
Feb 9, 1441
Beginning of Portuguese Slave Trade
The Portuguese started European slave trade in Africa. The captains kidnapped 12 Africans and took them to Portugal. -
Period: Feb 10, 1444 to Feb 10, 1481
Reign of Mehmed the Conqueror
Caputured Constantinople and brought down the Byzantine Empire. -
Period: Feb 10, 1464 to Feb 10, 1492
Reign of Sunni Ali
irst emperor of the Songhay Empire in Western Africa. Greatly expanded the empire through many military campaigns. -
Period: Feb 10, 1483 to Feb 10, 1546
Martin Luther
-Leader of Protestant Reformation. Attacked sale of indulgences and corruption within the priesthood. Called for reform: translation of the Bible from Latin to other languages. -Wrote the 95 Theses. Benefited from the printing press as literate European cities read his 95 Theses ad started debates. -Very popular in Germany, and princes of the Holy Roman Empire like him, passing laws in the 1520's-1530's for cities to ban Roman Catholicism. -
Feb 10, 1487
Dias' Voyage Into Indian Ocean
Dias is thought to be the first European to go around the Cape of Good Hope into the Indian Ocean. However, after rounding the cape, his crew forced him to turn around and return to Portugal. -
Feb 9, 1492
Columbus' First Voyage
He made port in the Canary Islands for final restocking. He was in charges of three ships; the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria. -
Feb 10, 1492
Treaty of Tordesillas
Treaty between Spain and Portugal that created a line that divided the "New World" between the two countries. The land to the West belonged to Spain, and the land to the East belonged to Portugal. -
Period: Apr 24, 1501 to
Safavid Dynasty
Ruled in present day Iran, established the "Twelver School of Shia Islam" to appeal to Mongol-Turks who desired a form of Shiism. -
Period: Jul 10, 1509 to May 27, 1564
John Calvin
An influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism -
Period: Nov 1, 1519 to May 18, 1521
Spanish Conquest of Mexico
The Spanish conquered the Aztec Empire over a period of two years and established Spanish rule in Mexico, though their military strength and prowess helped, the main factor in Spain's victory was the exchange of disease that quickly killed the Aztec population. -
Period: Sep 20, 1520 to Dec 5, 1566
Reign of Suleyman the Magnificent
Longest ruler of the Ottomans and most well known for his complete reconstruction of the political structure of the empire. Also led many successful campaigns against the European foes and gained control of the Mediterranean and Red Seas. -
Period: Aug 24, 1526 to
Mughal Dynasty
The Mughal Empire was an Islamic Empire that was known for its strong centralized rule. Akbar was it's most famous ruler, who helped establish a more diverse and philosophical empire. -
Jul 15, 1540
Foundation of Society of Jesus
The Society of Jesus was founded by St. Ignatius Loyola who gathered a group of five other men to start a religious society. The goal of the Society of Jesus was to pledge alliance to the Pope and to resist the Protestant Reformation. Maintained high educational standards and served worldwide as missionaries. -
Period: Feb 10, 1545 to Feb 10, 1563
Council Of Trent
The council of Trent was an Ecumencial Council of the Roman Catholic Church, it is still considered to be one of the most important councils of all time. -
Period: Apr 27, 1556 to
Reign of Akbar
Akbar was the third ruler of the Mughal Dynasty. He helped to eliminate military threats around the empire through strong leadership. -
Period: Aug 4, 1565 to
Galileo Galilei
Famous Italian philosopher/mathematician/astrologer commonly known as the father of modern astrology. Made the first telescope and discovered spots and craters on the moon. -
Period: Sep 18, 1572 to
Reign of Wanli Emperor
Took over the throne at the age of 9, proved to be a reliable and diligent leader. -
Spanish Armada
The Spanish Armada was thought to be an invincible force when it was sent to overthrow Elizabeth I of England. It was unsuccessful due to weather and strategic mistakes and it's defeat established England as "ruler of the seas". -
Period: to
Tokugawa Shogunate
Feudal Warlord rulers of Japan. Founded by Tokugawa Ieyasu who was notable for unifying Japan. Responsible for closing Japan off from the rest of the world. Overthrown during the Meiji Restoration. -
Period: to
Thirty Years' War
Primarily fought in Germany and was mostly between the Protestants and Catholics. Eventually grew to include most European Nations. -
Period: to
John Locke
An English Philosopher regarded as one of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers. Supported Religious freedom and tolerance, believed that the ownership of property is created by the application of labor. -
Period: to
Qing Dynsaty
Also known as the Manchu Dynasty, ruled after the Ming Dynasty and was the last Dynasty of China. Focused on the preservation of the Chinese Culture but was plagued by large scale rebellions and military defeats. Reached its peak during the reigns of Kangxi and Qianlong. -
Peace of Westphalia
Treaty that ended both the Thirty Years War and the Eighty Years War. Were significant because it finally recognized the nations of Europe as sovereign states which allowed for further diplomacy and trade. -
Period: to
Seven Years' War
Major war fought between the English and the French. This war spanned the globe and created conflicts among French and English colonies in the New World. Britain fought in Europe, India, North America, and Asia and established hegemony. -
Establishment of 1st Colony in Australia
The arrival of the First Fleet of British ships at Sydney to establish the penal colony of New South Wales in 1788 to the European exploration of the continent and establishment of other colonies and the beginnings of autonomous democratic government. -
Period: to
Haitian Revolution
A slave revolt in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, which culminated in the elimination of slavery there and the founding of the Haitian republic. -
End of the British Slave Trade
Ended because of the Slave Trade Act passed by parliament, ended trading slaves but not slavery.