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Haitian Revolution
The Haitian Revolution was a period of brutal conflict in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, leading to the elimination of slavery and the establishment of Haiti as the first republic ruled by people of African ancestry. Although hundreds of rebellions occurred in the New World during the centuries of slavery, only the revolt on Saint-Domingue was successful in achieving permanent independence uder a new nation. -
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors from European states chaired by Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna. Its objective was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. -
Independence of Mexico
The Mexican War of Independence was an armed conflict between the Mexican people and the Spanish colonial authorities. The movement was led by Mestizos and Amerindians who sought independence from Spain. It started as a peasant's rebellion against their colonial masters, but ended as an alliance between Mexican ex-loyalists and Mexican guerrilla insurgents. -
Opium War
The Opium Wars were because of trade disputes and diplomatic difficulties between China and the British Empire after China sought to restrict opium. -
Communist Manifesto
The Communist Manifestois a short book written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It has since gone down in history as one of the world's most influential political manuscripts. Commissioned by the Communist League, it laid out the League's purposes and program. It presents an analytical approach to the class struggle and the problems of capitalism, rather than a prediction of communism's potential future forms. -
Steam Engine
A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. -
Matt Perry goes to Japan
A United States naval officer, Mathew Perry, negotiated for several months with Japanese officials to open up Japan to trade. He brought a letter to the Emperor and waited on his armed ships. After, he finally got a treaty with Japan. America needed Japanese trade and their ports to trade coal and supplies. -
Sepoy Mutiny
The Sepoy Mutiny was an uprising against the British in India led by the members of the Bengal Army. They rebelled because there were rumors that the new rifles they were using needed pig and cow oil. This was offensive to the Muslims and Hindus. -
Unification of Germany
The unification of Germany occurred at the Versailles Palace's Hall of Mirrors in France. Princes of the German states gathered there to proclaim Wilhelm of Prussia as Emperor Wilhelm of the German Empire after the French capitulation in the Franco-Prussian War. Unification exposed several religious, linguistic, and cultural differences between and among the inhabitants of the new nation -
Berlin Conference
The Berlin Conference regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period, and coincided with Germany's sudden emergence as an imperial power. The conference ushered in a period of heightened colonial acolonial activity on the part of the European powers, while also eliminating most existing forms of African autonomy and self-government. -
French Revolution
The French Revolution was a period of radical social and political upheaval in French and European history. The monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years and people were starving. Enlightenment brought ideas of citizenship and inalienable rights. -
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War was a conflict that grew out of rival imperial ambitions of the Russian Empire and the Japanese Empire over Manchuria and Korea. The Japanese went to war to continue their dominance in Korea. The Russians wanted a warm water port and Port Arthur could be used all year. -
Zulu Uprising
The Zulu uprising was a revolt against British rule and taxation in Natal, South Africa. The revolt was led by Bambatha KaMancinza, who was the leader of the AmaZondi clan -
Dr. Sun Yat-sen takes over China
Sun Yat-sen was a Chinese doctor, revolutionary and political leader. Sun played big role in inspiring the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty, the last imperial dynasty of China. Sun was the first provisional president when the Republic of China was founded and later co-founded the Chinese National People's Party where he served as its first leader.
